C++¶

Parser¶

class Parser : public LIEF::Parser ¶

The main interface to parse a Mach-O binary.

This class is used to parse both Fat & non-Fat binary. Non-fat binaries are considerated as a fat with only one architecture. This is why MachO::Parser::parse outputs a FatBinary object.

Public Functions

Parser &operator=(const Parser &copy) = delete¶

Parser(const Parser &copy) = delete¶

virtual ~Parser() override¶

Public Static Functions

static std::unique_ptr<FatBinary> parse(const std::string &filename, const ParserConfig &conf = ParserConfig::deep())¶

Parse a Mach-O file from the path provided by the filename parameter.

The conf parameter can be used to tweak the configuration of the parser

Parameters:

filename – [in] Path to the Mach-O file
conf – [in] Parser configuration (Defaut: ParserConfig::deep)

static std::unique_ptr<FatBinary> parse(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, const ParserConfig &conf = ParserConfig::deep())¶

Parse a Mach-O file from the raw content provided by the data parameter.

The conf parameter can be used to tweak the configuration of the parser

Parameters:

data – [in] Mach-O file as a vector of bytes
conf – [in] Parser configuration (Defaut: ParserConfig::deep)

static std::unique_ptr<FatBinary> parse(std::unique_ptr<BinaryStream> stream, const ParserConfig &conf = ParserConfig::deep())¶: Parser a Mach-O binary from the provided BinaryStream.

static std::unique_ptr<FatBinary> parse_from_memory(uintptr_t address, const ParserConfig &conf = ParserConfig::deep())¶: Parse the Mach-O binary from the address given in the first parameter.

static std::unique_ptr<FatBinary> parse_from_memory(uintptr_t address, size_t size, const ParserConfig &conf = ParserConfig::deep())¶: Parse the Mach-O binary from the address given in the first parameter and the size given in the second parameter.

class BinaryParser : public LIEF::Parser ¶

Class used to parse a single binary (i.e. non-FAT)

See also

MachO::Parser

Warning

This class should not be directly used.

Public Functions

BinaryParser &operator=(const BinaryParser &copy) = delete¶

BinaryParser(const BinaryParser &copy) = delete¶

~BinaryParser() override¶

Public Static Functions

static std::unique_ptr<Binary> parse(const std::string &file)¶

static std::unique_ptr<Binary> parse(const std::string &file, const ParserConfig &conf)¶

static std::unique_ptr<Binary> parse(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, const ParserConfig &conf = ParserConfig::deep())¶

static std::unique_ptr<Binary> parse(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data, uint64_t fat_offset, const ParserConfig &conf = ParserConfig::deep())¶

static std::unique_ptr<Binary> parse(std::unique_ptr<BinaryStream> stream, uint64_t fat_offset, const ParserConfig &conf)¶

Friends

friend class MachO::Parser

struct ParserConfig¶

This structure is used to tweak the MachO Parser (MachO::Parser)

Public Functions

ParserConfig &full_dyldinfo(bool flag)¶: If flag is set to true, Exports, Bindings and Rebases opcodes are parsed.

Warning
Enabling this flag can slow down the parsing

Public Members

bool parse_dyld_exports = true¶: Parse the Dyld export trie.

bool parse_dyld_bindings = true¶: Parse the Dyld binding opcodes.

bool parse_dyld_rebases = true¶: Parse the Dyld rebase opcodes.

bool parse_overlay = true¶: Whether the overlay data should be parsed.

bool fix_from_memory = false¶

When parsing Mach-O from memory, this option can be used to undo relocations and symbols bindings.

When activated, this option requires parse_dyld_bindings and parse_dyld_rebases to be enabled.

bool from_dyld_shared_cache = false¶: Whether the binary is coming/extracted from Dyld shared cache.

Public Static Functions

static ParserConfig deep()¶: Return a parser configuration such as all the objects supported by LIEF are parsed.

static ParserConfig quick()¶: Return a configuration to parse the most important MachO structures.

FatBinary¶

class FatBinary¶

Class which represent a Mach-O (fat) binary This object is also used for representing Mach-O binaries that are NOT FAT

Public Types

using binaries_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Binary>>¶: Internal containter used to store Binary objects within a Fat Mach-O.

using it_binaries = ref_iterator<binaries_t&, Binary*>¶: Iterator that outputs Binary&.

using it_const_binaries = const_ref_iterator<const binaries_t&, Binary*>¶: Iterator that outputs const Binary&.

Public Functions

FatBinary(const FatBinary&) = delete¶

FatBinary &operator=(const FatBinary&) = delete¶

virtual ~FatBinary()¶

inline size_t size() const¶: Number of MachO::Binary wrapped by this object.

inline bool empty() const¶: Checks whether this object contains MachO::Binary.

inline it_binaries begin()¶

inline it_const_binaries begin() const¶

inline it_binaries end()¶

inline it_const_binaries end() const¶

void release_all_binaries()¶

std::unique_ptr<Binary> pop_back()¶: Get a pointer to the last MachO::Binary object presents in this Fat Binary. It returns a nullptr if no binary are present.

Binary *at(size_t index)¶: Get a pointer to the MachO::Binary specified by the index. It returns a nullptr if the binary does not exist at the given index.

const Binary *at(size_t index) const¶

Binary *back()¶

const Binary *back() const¶

Binary *front()¶

const Binary *front() const¶

inline Binary *operator[](size_t index)¶

inline const Binary *operator[](size_t index) const¶

std::unique_ptr<Binary> take(size_t index)¶: Extract a MachO::Binary object. Gives ownership to the caller, and remove it from this FatBinary object.

Warning
: this invalidates any previously hold iterator!

std::unique_ptr<Binary> take(Header::CPU_TYPE cpu)¶: Take the underlying MachO::Binary that matches the given architecture If no binary with the architecture can be found, return a nullptr.

void write(const std::string &filename)¶

Reconstruct the Fat binary object and write it in filename

Parameters:: filename – Path to write the reconstructed binary

std::vector<uint8_t> raw()¶: Reconstruct the Fat binary object and return his content as bytes.

Friends

friend class LIEF::Parser

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const FatBinary &fatbinary)¶

Binary¶

class Binary : public LIEF::Binary ¶

Class which represents a MachO binary.

Public Types

using commands_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand>>¶: Internal container for storing Mach-O LoadCommand.

using it_commands = ref_iterator<commands_t&, LoadCommand*>¶: Iterator that outputs LoadCommand&.

using it_const_commands = const_ref_iterator<const commands_t&, LoadCommand*>¶: Iterator that outputs const LoadCommand&.

using symbols_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Symbol>>¶: Internal container for storing Mach-O Symbol.

using it_symbols = ref_iterator<symbols_t&, Symbol*>¶: Iterator that outputs Symbol&.

using it_const_symbols = const_ref_iterator<const symbols_t&, const Symbol*>¶: Iterator that outputs const Symbol&.

using it_exported_symbols = filter_iterator<symbols_t&, Symbol*>¶: Iterator that outputs exported Symbol&.

using it_const_exported_symbols = const_filter_iterator<const symbols_t&, const Symbol*>¶: Iterator that outputs exported const Symbol&.

using it_imported_symbols = filter_iterator<symbols_t&, Symbol*>¶: Iterator that outputs imported Symbol&.

using it_const_imported_symbols = const_filter_iterator<const symbols_t&, const Symbol*>¶: Iterator that outputs imported const Symbol&.

using sections_cache_t = std::vector<Section*>¶: Internal container for caching Mach-O Section.

using it_sections = ref_iterator<sections_cache_t&>¶: Iterator that outputs Section&.

using it_const_sections = const_ref_iterator<const sections_cache_t&>¶: Iterator that outputs const Section&.

using segments_cache_t = std::vector<SegmentCommand*>¶: Internal container for storing Mach-O SegmentCommand.

using it_segments = ref_iterator<segments_cache_t&>¶: Iterator that outputs SegmentCommand&.

using it_const_segments = const_ref_iterator<const segments_cache_t&>¶: Iterator that outputs const SegmentCommand&.

using libraries_cache_t = std::vector<DylibCommand*>¶: Internal container for storing Mach-O DylibCommand.

using it_libraries = ref_iterator<libraries_cache_t&>¶: Iterator that outputs DylibCommand&.

using it_const_libraries = const_ref_iterator<const libraries_cache_t&>¶: Iterator that outputs const DylibCommand&.

using fileset_binaries_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Binary>>¶: Internal container for storing Mach-O Fileset Binary.

using it_fileset_binaries = ref_iterator<fileset_binaries_t&, Binary*>¶: Iterator that outputs Binary&.

using it_const_fileset_binaries = const_ref_iterator<const fileset_binaries_t&, Binary*>¶: Iterator that outputs const Binary&.

using relocations_t = std::set<Relocation*, KeyCmp>¶: Internal container that store all the relocations found in a Mach-O. The relocations are actually owned by Section & SegmentCommand and these references are used for convenience.

using it_relocations = ref_iterator<relocations_t&, Relocation*>¶: Iterator which outputs Relocation&.

using it_const_relocations = const_ref_iterator<const relocations_t&, const Relocation*>¶: Iterator which outputs const Relocation&.

using it_rpaths = filter_iterator<commands_t&, RPathCommand*>¶: Iterator which outputs RPathCommand&.

using it_const_rpaths = const_filter_iterator<const commands_t&, const RPathCommand*>¶: Iterator which outputs const RPathCommand&.

using it_sub_clients = filter_iterator<commands_t&, SubClient*>¶: Iterator which outputs SubClient&.

using it_const_sub_clients = const_filter_iterator<const commands_t&, const SubClient*>¶: Iterator which outputs const SubClient&.

using it_bindings = iterator_range<BindingInfoIterator>¶

using stub_iterator = iterator_range<Stub::Iterator>¶: Iterator type for Symbol’s stub.

Public Functions

Binary(const Binary&) = delete¶

Binary &operator=(const Binary&) = delete¶

inline Header &header()¶: Return a reference to the MachO::Header.

inline const Header &header() const¶

inline it_commands commands()¶: Return an iterator over the MachO LoadCommand present in the binary.

inline it_const_commands commands() const¶

inline it_fileset_binaries filesets()¶: Return an iterator over the MachO::Binary associated with the LoadCommand::TYPE::FILESET_ENTRY commands.

inline it_const_fileset_binaries filesets() const¶

inline it_symbols symbols()¶: Return binary’s symbols .

inline it_const_symbols symbols() const¶

inline bool has_symbol(const std::string &name) const¶: Check if a symbol with the given name exists.

const Symbol *get_symbol(const std::string &name) const¶: Return Symbol from the given name. If the symbol does not exists, it returns a null pointer.

inline Symbol *get_symbol(const std::string &name)¶

inline it_exported_symbols exported_symbols()¶: Return binary’s exported symbols (iterator over LIEF::MachO::Symbol)

inline it_const_exported_symbols exported_symbols() const¶

inline it_imported_symbols imported_symbols()¶: Return binary’s imported symbols (iterator over LIEF::MachO::Symbol)

inline it_const_imported_symbols imported_symbols() const¶

inline it_libraries libraries()¶: Return binary imported libraries (MachO::DylibCommand)

inline it_const_libraries libraries() const¶

inline it_segments segments()¶: Return an iterator over the SegmentCommand.

inline it_const_segments segments() const¶

inline it_sections sections()¶: Return an iterator over the MachO::Section.

inline it_const_sections sections() const¶

it_relocations relocations()¶: Return an iterator over the MachO::Relocation.

it_const_relocations relocations() const¶

virtual void write(const std::string &filename) override¶

Reconstruct the binary object and write the result in the given filename

Parameters:: filename – Path to write the reconstructed binary

virtual void write(std::ostream &os) override¶

Reconstruct the binary object and write the result in the given os stream.

Parameters:: os – Output stream to write the reconstructed binary

std::vector<uint8_t> raw()¶: Reconstruct the binary object and return its content as bytes.

bool has(LoadCommand::TYPE type) const¶: Check if the current binary has the given MachO::LoadCommand::TYPE.

const LoadCommand *get(LoadCommand::TYPE type) const¶: Return the LoadCommand associated with the given LoadCommand::TYPE or a nullptr if the command can’t be found.

inline LoadCommand *get(LoadCommand::TYPE type)¶

LoadCommand *add(std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> command)¶

inline LoadCommand *add(const LoadCommand &command)¶: Insert a new LoadCommand.

LoadCommand *add(const LoadCommand &command, size_t index)¶: Insert a new LoadCommand at the specified index

LoadCommand *add(const DylibCommand &library)¶: Insert the given DylibCommand.

LoadCommand *add(const SegmentCommand &segment)¶: Add a new LC_SEGMENT command from the given SegmentCommand.

LoadCommand *add_library(const std::string &name)¶: Insert a new shared library through a LC_LOAD_DYLIB command.

Section *add_section(const Section &section)¶: Add a new MachO::Section in the __TEXT segment.

Section *add_section(const SegmentCommand &segment, const Section &section)¶: Add a section in the given MachO::SegmentCommand.

Warning
This method may corrupt the file if the segment is not the first one nor the last one

virtual void remove_section(const std::string &name, bool clear = false) override¶

Remove the section with the name provided in the first parameter.

Parameters:

name – Name of the MachO::Section to remove
clear – If true clear the content of the section before removing

void remove_section(const std::string &segname, const std::string &secname, bool clear = false)¶

Remove the section from the segment with the name given in the first parameter and with the section’s name provided in the second parameter.

Parameters:

segname – Name of the MachO::Segment
secname – Name of the MachO::Section to remove
clear – If true clear the content of the section before removing

bool remove(const LoadCommand &command)¶: Remove the given LoadCommand.

bool remove(LoadCommand::TYPE type)¶: Remove all LoadCommand with the given type (MachO::LoadCommand::TYPE)

bool remove_command(size_t index)¶: Remove the Load Command at the provided index

bool remove_signature()¶: Remove the LC_SIGNATURE command.

bool extend(const LoadCommand &command, uint64_t size)¶: Extend the size of the given LoadCommand.

bool extend_segment(const SegmentCommand &segment, size_t size)¶: Extend the content of the given SegmentCommand.

bool disable_pie()¶: Remove the PIE flag.

virtual uint64_t imagebase() const override¶: Return the binary’s imagebase. 0 if not relevant.

inline uint64_t virtual_size() const¶: Size of the binary in memory when mapped by the loader (dyld)

std::string loader() const¶: Return the binary’s loader (e.g. /usr/lib/dyld) or an empty string if the binary does not use a loader/linker.

inline bool has_section(const std::string &name) const¶: Check if a section with the given name exists.

inline Section *get_section(const std::string &name)¶: Return the section from the given name of a nullptr if the section can’t be found.

const Section *get_section(const std::string &name) const¶: Return the section from the given name or a nullptr if the section can’t be found.

inline Section *get_section(const std::string &segname, const std::string &secname)¶: Return the section from the segment with the name given in the first parameter and with the section’s name provided in the second parameter. If the section cannot be found, it returns a nullptr.

const Section *get_section(const std::string &segname, const std::string &secname) const¶

inline bool has_segment(const std::string &name) const¶: Check if a segment with the given name exists.

const SegmentCommand *get_segment(const std::string &name) const¶: Return the segment from the given name.

inline SegmentCommand *get_segment(const std::string &name)¶: Return the segment from the given name.

bool remove_symbol(const std::string &name)¶: Remove the symbol with the given name.

bool remove(const Symbol &sym)¶: Remove the given symbol.

bool can_remove(const Symbol &sym) const¶: Check if the given symbol can be safely removed.

bool can_remove_symbol(const std::string &name) const¶: Check if the MachO::Symbol with the given name can be safely removed.

bool unexport(const std::string &name)¶: Remove the given MachO::Symbol with the given name from the export table.

bool unexport(const Symbol &sym)¶: Remove the given symbol from the export table.

inline Section *section_from_offset(uint64_t offset)¶: Return the MachO::Section that encompasses the provided offset. If a section can’t be found, it returns a null pointer (nullptr)

const Section *section_from_offset(uint64_t offset) const¶

inline Section *section_from_virtual_address(uint64_t virtual_address)¶: Return the MachO::Section that encompasses the provided virtual address. If a section can’t be found, it returns a null pointer (nullptr)

const Section *section_from_virtual_address(uint64_t virtual_address) const¶

result<uint64_t> virtual_address_to_offset(uint64_t virtual_address) const¶: Convert a virtual address to an offset in the file.

virtual result<uint64_t> offset_to_virtual_address(uint64_t offset, uint64_t slide = 0) const override¶

Convert the given offset into a virtual address.

Parameters:

offset – [in] The offset to convert.
slide – [in] If not 0, it will replace the default base address (if any)

inline SegmentCommand *segment_from_offset(uint64_t offset)¶

Return the binary’s SegmentCommand that encompasses the provided offset.

If a SegmentCommand can’t be found it returns a null pointer (nullptr).

const SegmentCommand *segment_from_offset(uint64_t offset) const¶

size_t segment_index(const SegmentCommand &segment) const¶: Return the index of the given SegmentCommand.

inline uint64_t fat_offset() const¶: Return binary’s fat offset. 0 if not relevant.

inline SegmentCommand *segment_from_virtual_address(uint64_t virtual_address)¶: Return the binary’s SegmentCommand which encompasses the given virtual address or a nullptr if not found.

const SegmentCommand *segment_from_virtual_address(uint64_t virtual_address) const¶

range_t va_ranges() const¶: Return the range of virtual addresses.

range_t off_ranges() const¶: Return the range of offsets.

inline bool is_valid_addr(uint64_t address) const¶: Check if the given address is encompassed in the binary’s virtual addresses range.

virtual void accept(LIEF::Visitor &visitor) const override¶: Method so that the visitor can visit us.

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

virtual void patch_address(uint64_t address, const std::vector<uint8_t> &patch_value, LIEF::Binary::VA_TYPES addr_type = LIEF::Binary::VA_TYPES::AUTO) override¶

Patch the content at virtual address address with patch_value.

Parameters:

address – [in] Address to patch
patch_value – [in] Patch to apply
addr_type – [in] Specify if the address should be used as an absolute virtual address or an RVA

virtual void patch_address(uint64_t address, uint64_t patch_value, size_t size = sizeof(uint64_t), LIEF::Binary::VA_TYPES addr_type = LIEF::Binary::VA_TYPES::AUTO) override¶

Patch the address with the given value.

Parameters:

address – [in] Address to patch
patch_value – [in] Patch to apply
size – [in] Size of the value in bytes (1, 2, … 8)
addr_type – [in] Specify if the address should be used as an absolute virtual address or an RVA

virtual span<const uint8_t> get_content_from_virtual_address(uint64_t virtual_address, uint64_t size, Binary::VA_TYPES addr_type = Binary::VA_TYPES::AUTO) const override¶: Return the content located at virtual address.

virtual uint64_t entrypoint() const override¶: The binary entrypoint.

inline virtual bool is_pie() const override¶: Check if the binary is position independent.

inline virtual bool has_nx() const override¶: Check if the binary uses NX protection.

inline bool has_nx_stack() const¶: Return True if the heap is flagged as non-executable. False otherwise.

inline bool has_nx_heap() const¶: Return True if the stack is flagged as non-executable. False otherwise.

inline bool has_entrypoint() const¶

true if the binary has an entrypoint.

Basically for libraries it will return false

inline bool has_uuid() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::UUIDCommand command.

UUIDCommand *uuid()¶: Return the MachO::UUIDCommand if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const UUIDCommand *uuid() const¶

inline bool has_main_command() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::MainCommand command.

MainCommand *main_command()¶: Return the MachO::MainCommand if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const MainCommand *main_command() const¶

inline bool has_dylinker() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::DylinkerCommand.

DylinkerCommand *dylinker()¶: Return the MachO::DylinkerCommand if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const DylinkerCommand *dylinker() const¶

inline bool has_dyld_info() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::DyldInfo command.

DyldInfo *dyld_info()¶: Return the MachO::Dyld command if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const DyldInfo *dyld_info() const¶

inline bool has_function_starts() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::FunctionStarts command.

FunctionStarts *function_starts()¶: Return the MachO::FunctionStarts command if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const FunctionStarts *function_starts() const¶

inline bool has_source_version() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::SourceVersion command.

SourceVersion *source_version()¶: Return the MachO::SourceVersion command if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const SourceVersion *source_version() const¶

inline bool has_version_min() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::VersionMin command.

VersionMin *version_min()¶: Return the MachO::VersionMin command if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const VersionMin *version_min() const¶

inline bool has_thread_command() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::ThreadCommand command.

ThreadCommand *thread_command()¶: Return the MachO::ThreadCommand command if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const ThreadCommand *thread_command() const¶

inline bool has_routine_command() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::Routine command.

Routine *routine_command()¶: Return the MachO::Routine command if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const Routine *routine_command() const¶

inline bool has_rpath() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::RPathCommand command.

RPathCommand *rpath()¶: Return the MachO::RPathCommand command if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const RPathCommand *rpath() const¶

it_rpaths rpaths()¶: Iterator over all the MachO::RPathCommand commands.

it_const_rpaths rpaths() const¶

inline bool has_symbol_command() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::SymbolCommand command.

SymbolCommand *symbol_command()¶: Return the MachO::SymbolCommand if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const SymbolCommand *symbol_command() const¶

inline bool has_dynamic_symbol_command() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::DynamicSymbolCommand command.

DynamicSymbolCommand *dynamic_symbol_command()¶: Return the MachO::SymbolCommand if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const DynamicSymbolCommand *dynamic_symbol_command() const¶

inline bool has_code_signature() const¶: true if the binary is signed with LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command

inline CodeSignature *code_signature()¶: Return the MachO::CodeSignature if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const CodeSignature *code_signature() const¶

inline bool has_code_signature_dir() const¶: true if the binary is signed with the command DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS

inline CodeSignatureDir *code_signature_dir()¶: Return the MachO::CodeSignatureDir if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const CodeSignatureDir *code_signature_dir() const¶

inline bool has_data_in_code() const¶: true if the binary has a MachO::DataInCode command.

DataInCode *data_in_code()¶: Return the MachO::DataInCode if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const DataInCode *data_in_code() const¶

inline bool has_segment_split_info() const¶: true if the binary has segment split info.

SegmentSplitInfo *segment_split_info()¶: Return the MachO::SegmentSplitInfo if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const SegmentSplitInfo *segment_split_info() const¶

inline bool has_sub_framework() const¶: true if the binary has a sub framework command.

inline bool has_encryption_info() const¶: true if the binary has Encryption Info.

EncryptionInfo *encryption_info()¶: Return the MachO::DyldEnvironment if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const EncryptionInfo *encryption_info() const¶

SubFramework *sub_framework()¶: Return the MachO::SubFramework if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const SubFramework *sub_framework() const¶

it_sub_clients subclients()¶: Iterator over all the MachO::SubClient commands.

it_const_sub_clients subclients() const¶

bool has_subclients() const¶

inline bool has_dyld_environment() const¶: true if the binary has Dyld envrionment variables.

DyldEnvironment *dyld_environment()¶: Return the MachO::DyldEnvironment if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const DyldEnvironment *dyld_environment() const¶

inline bool has_build_version() const¶: true if the binary has the BuildVersion command.

BuildVersion *build_version()¶: Return the MachO::BuildVersion if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const BuildVersion *build_version() const¶

inline BuildVersion::PLATFORMS platform() const¶: Return the platform for which this Mach-O has been compiled for.

inline bool is_ios() const¶: True if this binary targets iOS.

inline bool is_macos() const¶: True if this binary targets macOS.

inline bool has_dyld_chained_fixups() const¶: true if the binary has the command LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS.

DyldChainedFixups *dyld_chained_fixups()¶: Return the MachO::DyldChainedFixups if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const DyldChainedFixups *dyld_chained_fixups() const¶

inline bool has_dyld_exports_trie() const¶: true if the binary has the command LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS.

DyldExportsTrie *dyld_exports_trie()¶: Return the MachO::DyldChainedFixups if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const DyldExportsTrie *dyld_exports_trie() const¶

inline bool has_two_level_hints() const¶: true if the binary has the command LC_TWO_LEVEL_HINTS.

inline TwoLevelHints *two_level_hints()¶: Return the MachO::DyldChainedFixups if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const TwoLevelHints *two_level_hints() const¶

inline bool has_linker_opt_hint() const¶: true if the binary has the command LC_LINKER_OPTIMIZATION_HINT.

inline LinkerOptHint *linker_opt_hint()¶: Return the MachO::LinkerOptHint if present, a nullptr otherwise.

const LinkerOptHint *linker_opt_hint() const¶

ExportInfo *add_exported_function(uint64_t address, const std::string &name)¶: Add a symbol in the export trie of the current binary.

Symbol *add_local_symbol(uint64_t address, const std::string &name)¶: Add a symbol in LC_SYMTAB command of the current binary.

std::unique_ptr<objc::Metadata> objc_metadata() const¶: Return Objective-C metadata if present.

stub_iterator symbol_stubs() const¶

Return an iterator over the symbol stubs.

These stubs are involved when calling an imported function and are similar to the ELF’s plt/got mechanism.

There are located in sections like: __stubs,__auth_stubs,__symbol_stub,__picsymbolstub4

template<class T> bool has_command() const¶

template<class T> T *command()¶

template<class T> const T *command() const¶

template<class T> size_t count_commands() const¶

template<class CMD, class Func> Binary &for_commands(Func f)¶

inline LoadCommand *operator[](LoadCommand::TYPE type)¶

inline const LoadCommand *operator[](LoadCommand::TYPE type) const¶

virtual LIEF::Binary::functions_t ctor_functions() const override¶: Return the list of the MachO’s constructors.

LIEF::Binary::functions_t functions() const¶: Return all the functions found in this MachO.

LIEF::Binary::functions_t unwind_functions() const¶: Return the functions found in the __unwind_info section.

inline bool has_filesets() const¶: true if the binary has a LoadCommand::TYPE::FILESET_ENTRY command

inline const std::string &fileset_name() const¶: Name associated with the LC_FILESET_ENTRY binary.

Symbol &add(const Symbol &symbol)¶: Add a symbol to this binary.

~Binary() override¶

ok_error_t shift(size_t value)¶: Shift the content located right after the Load commands table. This operation can be used to add a new command.

ok_error_t shift_linkedit(size_t width)¶: Shift the position on the __LINKEDIT data by width

inline uint64_t memory_base_address() const¶

If this Mach-O binary has been parsed from memory, it returns the in-memory base address of this binary.

Otherwise, it returns 0

inline bool support_arm64_ptr_auth() const¶: Check if the binary is supporting ARM64 pointer authentication (arm64e)

it_bindings bindings() const¶: Return an iterator over the binding info which can come from either DyldInfo or DyldChainedFixups commands.

uint32_t page_size() const¶

inline span<const uint8_t> overlay() const¶

void sort_segments()¶

void refresh_seg_offset()¶

Public Static Functions

static bool is_exported(const Symbol &symbol)¶: Check if the given symbol is exported.

static bool is_imported(const Symbol &symbol)¶: Check if the given symbol is an imported one.

static inline bool classof(const LIEF::Binary *bin)¶

struct KeyCmp¶

Public Functions

bool operator()(const Relocation *lhs, const Relocation *rhs) const¶

struct range_t¶

Public Functions

inline uint64_t size() const¶

inline bool empty() const¶

Public Members

uint64_t start = 0¶

uint64_t end = 0¶

class Header : public LIEF::Object¶

Class that represents the Mach-O header.

Public Types

enum class FILE_TYPE : uint32_t¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator OBJECT = 0x1u¶

enumerator EXECUTE = 0x2u¶

enumerator FVMLIB = 0x3u¶

enumerator CORE = 0x4u¶

enumerator PRELOAD = 0x5u¶

enumerator DYLIB = 0x6u¶

enumerator DYLINKER = 0x7u¶

enumerator BUNDLE = 0x8u¶

enumerator DYLIB_STUB = 0x9u¶

enumerator DSYM = 0xAu¶

enumerator KEXT_BUNDLE = 0xBu¶

enum class FLAGS : uint32_t¶

Values:

enumerator NOUNDEFS = 0x00000001u¶

enumerator INCRLINK = 0x00000002u¶

enumerator DYLDLINK = 0x00000004u¶

enumerator BINDATLOAD = 0x00000008u¶

enumerator PREBOUND = 0x00000010u¶

enumerator SPLIT_SEGS = 0x00000020u¶

enumerator LAZY_INIT = 0x00000040u¶

enumerator TWOLEVEL = 0x00000080u¶

enumerator FORCE_FLAT = 0x00000100u¶

enumerator NOMULTIDEFS = 0x00000200u¶

enumerator NOFIXPREBINDING = 0x00000400u¶

enumerator PREBINDABLE = 0x00000800u¶

enumerator ALLMODSBOUND = 0x00001000u¶

enumerator SUBSECTIONS_VIA_SYMBOLS = 0x00002000u¶

enumerator CANONICAL = 0x00004000u¶

enumerator WEAK_DEFINES = 0x00008000u¶

enumerator BINDS_TO_WEAK = 0x00010000u¶

enumerator ALLOW_STACK_EXECUTION = 0x00020000u¶

enumerator ROOT_SAFE = 0x00040000u¶

enumerator SETUID_SAFE = 0x00080000u¶

enumerator NO_REEXPORTED_DYLIBS = 0x00100000u¶

enumerator PIE = 0x00200000u¶

enumerator DEAD_STRIPPABLE_DYLIB = 0x00400000u¶

enumerator HAS_TLV_DESCRIPTORS = 0x00800000u¶

enumerator NO_HEAP_EXECUTION = 0x01000000u¶

enumerator APP_EXTENSION_SAFE = 0x02000000u¶

enum class CPU_TYPE : int32_t¶

Values:

enumerator ANY = -1¶

enumerator X86 = 7¶

enumerator X86_64 = 7 | ABI64 ¶

enumerator MIPS = 8¶

enumerator MC98000 = 10¶

enumerator ARM = 12¶

enumerator ARM64 = 12 | ABI64 ¶

enumerator SPARC = 14¶

enumerator POWERPC = 18¶

enumerator POWERPC64 = 18 | ABI64 ¶

Public Functions

Header() = default¶

Header &operator=(const Header &copy) = default¶

Header(const Header &copy) = default¶

~Header() override = default¶

inline MACHO_TYPES magic() const¶: The Mach-O magic bytes. These bytes determine whether it is a 32 bits Mach-O, a 64 bits Mach-O files etc.

inline CPU_TYPE cpu_type() const¶: The CPU architecture targeted by this binary.

inline uint32_t cpu_subtype() const¶: Return the CPU subtype supported by the Mach-O binary. For ARM architectures, this value could represent the minimum version for which the Mach-O binary has been compiled for.

inline FILE_TYPE file_type() const¶: Return the type of the Mach-O file (executable, object, shared library, …)

std::vector<FLAGS> flags_list() const¶: Return the FLAGS as a list.

bool has(FLAGS flag) const¶: Check if the given HEADER_FLAGS is present in the header’s flags.

inline uint32_t nb_cmds() const¶: Number of LoadCommand present in the Mach-O binary.

inline uint32_t sizeof_cmds() const¶: The size of all the LoadCommand.

inline uint32_t flags() const¶

Header flags (cf. HEADER_FLAGS)

See also

flags_list

inline uint32_t reserved() const¶: According to the official documentation, a reserved value.

void add(FLAGS flag)¶

inline void magic(MACHO_TYPES magic)¶

inline void cpu_type(CPU_TYPE type)¶

inline void cpu_subtype(uint32_t cpusubtype)¶

inline void file_type(FILE_TYPE filetype)¶

inline void nb_cmds(uint32_t ncmds)¶

inline void sizeof_cmds(uint32_t sizeofcmds)¶

inline void flags(uint32_t flags)¶

void remove(FLAGS flag)¶

inline void reserved(uint32_t reserved)¶

inline Header &operator+=(FLAGS c)¶

inline Header &operator-=(FLAGS c)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Attributes

static int ABI64 = 0x01000000¶

static uint32_t CPU_SUBTYPE_MASK = 0xff000000¶

static uint32_t CPU_SUBTYPE_LIB64 = 0x80000000¶

static auto CPU_SUBTYPE_ARM64_ARM64E = 2¶

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Header &hdr)¶

Builder¶

class Builder¶

Class used to rebuild a Mach-O file.

Public Functions

Builder() = delete¶

~Builder()¶

Public Static Functions

static ok_error_t write(Binary &binary, const std::string &filename)¶

static ok_error_t write(Binary &binary, const std::string &filename, config_t config)¶

static ok_error_t write(Binary &binary, std::vector<uint8_t> &out)¶

static ok_error_t write(Binary &binary, std::vector<uint8_t> &out, config_t config)¶

static ok_error_t write(Binary &binary, std::ostream &out)¶

static ok_error_t write(Binary &binary, std::ostream &out, config_t config)¶

static ok_error_t write(FatBinary &fat, const std::string &filename)¶

static ok_error_t write(FatBinary &fat, const std::string &filename, config_t config)¶

static ok_error_t write(FatBinary &fat, std::vector<uint8_t> &out)¶

static ok_error_t write(FatBinary &fat, std::vector<uint8_t> &out, config_t config)¶

static ok_error_t write(FatBinary &fat, std::ostream &out)¶

static ok_error_t write(FatBinary &fat, std::ostream &out, config_t config)¶

struct config_t¶

Options to tweak the building process.

Public Members

bool linkedit = true¶

DylibCommand¶

class DylibCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class which represents a library dependency.

Public Types

using version_t = std::array<uint16_t, 3>¶

Public Functions

DylibCommand() = default¶

DylibCommand(const details::dylib_command &cmd)¶

DylibCommand &operator=(const DylibCommand &copy) = default¶

DylibCommand(const DylibCommand &copy) = default¶

~DylibCommand() override = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline const std::string &name() const¶: Library name.

inline uint32_t timestamp() const¶: Date and Time when the shared library was built.

inline version_t current_version() const¶: Current version of the shared library.

inline version_t compatibility_version() const¶: Compatibility version of the shared library.

inline void name(std::string name)¶

inline void timestamp(uint32_t timestamp)¶

inline void current_version(version_t version)¶

inline void compatibility_version(version_t version)¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline version_t int2version(uint32_t version)¶: Helper to convert an integer into a version array.

static inline uint32_t version2int(version_t version)¶: Helper to convert a version array into an integer.

static DylibCommand weak_dylib(const std::string &name, uint32_t timestamp = 0, uint32_t current_version = 0, uint32_t compat_version = 0)¶: Factory function to generate a LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB library.

static DylibCommand id_dylib(const std::string &name, uint32_t timestamp = 0, uint32_t current_version = 0, uint32_t compat_version = 0)¶: Factory function to generate a LC_ID_DYLIB library.

static DylibCommand load_dylib(const std::string &name, uint32_t timestamp = 2, uint32_t current_version = 0, uint32_t compat_version = 0)¶: Factory function to generate a LC_LOAD_DYLIB library.

static DylibCommand reexport_dylib(const std::string &name, uint32_t timestamp = 0, uint32_t current_version = 0, uint32_t compat_version = 0)¶: Factory function to generate a LC_REEXPORT_DYLIB library.

static DylibCommand load_upward_dylib(const std::string &name, uint32_t timestamp = 0, uint32_t current_version = 0, uint32_t compat_version = 0)¶: Factory function to generate a LC_LOAD_UPWARD_DYLIB library.

static DylibCommand lazy_load_dylib(const std::string &name, uint32_t timestamp = 0, uint32_t current_version = 0, uint32_t compat_version = 0)¶: Factory function to generate a LC_LAZY_LOAD_DYLIB library.

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

DylinkerCommand¶

class DylinkerCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the Mach-O linker, also named loader. Most of the time, DylinkerCommand::name() should return /usr/lib/dyld

Public Functions

DylinkerCommand() = default¶

DylinkerCommand(const details::dylinker_command &cmd)¶

DylinkerCommand(std::string name)¶

DylinkerCommand &operator=(const DylinkerCommand &copy) = default¶

DylinkerCommand(const DylinkerCommand &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~DylinkerCommand() override = default¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

inline const std::string &name() const¶: Path to the linker (or loader)

inline void name(std::string name)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

DynamicSymbolCommand¶

class DynamicSymbolCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_DYSYMTAB command.

This command completes the LC_SYMTAB (SymbolCommand) to provide a better granularity over the symbols layout.

Public Types

using indirect_symbols_t = std::vector<Symbol*>¶: Container for the indirect symbols references (owned by MachO::Binary)

using it_indirect_symbols = ref_iterator<indirect_symbols_t&>¶: Iterator for the indirect symbols referenced by this command.

using it_const_indirect_symbols = const_ref_iterator<const indirect_symbols_t&>¶

Public Functions

DynamicSymbolCommand()¶

DynamicSymbolCommand(const details::dysymtab_command &cmd)¶

DynamicSymbolCommand &operator=(const DynamicSymbolCommand &copy) = default¶

DynamicSymbolCommand(const DynamicSymbolCommand &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~DynamicSymbolCommand() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

inline uint32_t idx_local_symbol() const¶: Index of the first symbol in the group of local symbols.

inline uint32_t nb_local_symbols() const¶: Number of symbols in the group of local symbols.

inline uint32_t idx_external_define_symbol() const¶: Index of the first symbol in the group of defined external symbols.

inline uint32_t nb_external_define_symbols() const¶: Number of symbols in the group of defined external symbols.

inline uint32_t idx_undefined_symbol() const¶: Index of the first symbol in the group of undefined external symbols.

inline uint32_t nb_undefined_symbols() const¶: Number of symbols in the group of undefined external symbols.

inline uint32_t toc_offset() const¶

Byte offset from the start of the file to the table of contents data.

Table of content is used by legacy Mach-O loader and this field should be set to 0

inline uint32_t nb_toc() const¶

Number of entries in the table of contents.

Should be set to 0 on recent Mach-O

inline uint32_t module_table_offset() const¶

Byte offset from the start of the file to the module table data.

This field seems unused by recent Mach-O loader and should be set to 0

inline uint32_t nb_module_table() const¶

Number of entries in the module table.

This field seems unused by recent Mach-O loader and should be set to 0

inline uint32_t external_reference_symbol_offset() const¶

Byte offset from the start of the file to the external reference table data.

This field seems unused by recent Mach-O loader and should be set to 0

inline uint32_t nb_external_reference_symbols() const¶

Number of entries in the external reference table.

This field seems unused by recent Mach-O loader and should be set to 0

inline uint32_t indirect_symbol_offset() const¶

Byte offset from the start of the file to the indirect symbol table data.

Indirect symbol table is used by the loader to speed-up symbol resolution during the lazy binding process

References:

dyld-519.2.1/src/ImageLoaderMachOCompressed.cpp
dyld-519.2.1/src/ImageLoaderMachOClassic.cpp

inline uint32_t nb_indirect_symbols() const¶

Number of entries in the indirect symbol table.

See also

indirect_symbol_offset

inline uint32_t external_relocation_offset() const¶

Byte offset from the start of the file to the external relocation table data.

This field seems unused by recent Mach-O loader and should be set to 0

inline uint32_t nb_external_relocations() const¶

Number of entries in the external relocation table.

This field seems unused by recent Mach-O loader and should be set to 0

inline uint32_t local_relocation_offset() const¶

Byte offset from the start of the file to the local relocation table data.

This field seems unused by recent Mach-O loader and should be set to 0

inline uint32_t nb_local_relocations() const¶

Number of entries in the local relocation table.

This field seems unused by recent Mach-O loader and should be set to 0

inline void idx_local_symbol(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_local_symbols(uint32_t value)¶

inline void idx_external_define_symbol(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_external_define_symbols(uint32_t value)¶

inline void idx_undefined_symbol(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_undefined_symbols(uint32_t value)¶

inline void toc_offset(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_toc(uint32_t value)¶

inline void module_table_offset(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_module_table(uint32_t value)¶

inline void external_reference_symbol_offset(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_external_reference_symbols(uint32_t value)¶

inline void indirect_symbol_offset(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_indirect_symbols(uint32_t value)¶

inline void external_relocation_offset(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_external_relocations(uint32_t value)¶

inline void local_relocation_offset(uint32_t value)¶

inline void nb_local_relocations(uint32_t value)¶

inline it_indirect_symbols indirect_symbols()¶: Iterator over the indirect symbols indexed by this command.

inline it_const_indirect_symbols indirect_symbols() const¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

LoadCommand¶

class LoadCommand : public LIEF::Object¶

Based class for the Mach-O load commands.

Public Types

enum class TYPE : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator SEGMENT = 0x00000001u¶

enumerator SYMTAB = 0x00000002u¶

enumerator SYMSEG = 0x00000003u¶

enumerator THREAD = 0x00000004u¶

enumerator UNIXTHREAD = 0x00000005u¶

enumerator LOADFVMLIB = 0x00000006u¶

enumerator IDFVMLIB = 0x00000007u¶

enumerator IDENT = 0x00000008u¶

enumerator FVMFILE = 0x00000009u¶

enumerator PREPAGE = 0x0000000Au¶

enumerator DYSYMTAB = 0x0000000Bu¶

enumerator LOAD_DYLIB = 0x0000000Cu¶

enumerator ID_DYLIB = 0x0000000Du¶

enumerator LOAD_DYLINKER = 0x0000000Eu¶

enumerator ID_DYLINKER = 0x0000000Fu¶

enumerator PREBOUND_DYLIB = 0x00000010u¶

enumerator ROUTINES = 0x00000011u¶

enumerator SUB_FRAMEWORK = 0x00000012u¶

enumerator SUB_UMBRELLA = 0x00000013u¶

enumerator SUB_CLIENT = 0x00000014u¶

enumerator SUB_LIBRARY = 0x00000015u¶

enumerator TWOLEVEL_HINTS = 0x00000016u¶

enumerator PREBIND_CKSUM = 0x00000017u¶

enumerator LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB = 0x80000018u¶

enumerator SEGMENT_64 = 0x00000019u¶

enumerator ROUTINES_64 = 0x0000001Au¶

enumerator UUID = 0x0000001Bu¶

enumerator RPATH = 0x8000001Cu¶

enumerator CODE_SIGNATURE = 0x0000001Du¶

enumerator SEGMENT_SPLIT_INFO = 0x0000001Eu¶

enumerator REEXPORT_DYLIB = 0x8000001Fu¶

enumerator LAZY_LOAD_DYLIB = 0x00000020u¶

enumerator ENCRYPTION_INFO = 0x00000021u¶

enumerator DYLD_INFO = 0x00000022u¶

enumerator DYLD_INFO_ONLY = 0x80000022u¶

enumerator LOAD_UPWARD_DYLIB = 0x80000023u¶

enumerator VERSION_MIN_MACOSX = 0x00000024u¶

enumerator VERSION_MIN_IPHONEOS = 0x00000025u¶

enumerator FUNCTION_STARTS = 0x00000026u¶

enumerator DYLD_ENVIRONMENT = 0x00000027u¶

enumerator MAIN = 0x80000028u¶

enumerator DATA_IN_CODE = 0x00000029u¶

enumerator SOURCE_VERSION = 0x0000002Au¶

enumerator DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS = 0x0000002Bu¶

enumerator ENCRYPTION_INFO_64 = 0x0000002Cu¶

enumerator LINKER_OPTION = 0x0000002Du¶

enumerator LINKER_OPTIMIZATION_HINT = 0x0000002Eu¶

enumerator VERSION_MIN_TVOS = 0x0000002Fu¶

enumerator VERSION_MIN_WATCHOS = 0x00000030u¶

enumerator NOTE = 0x00000031u¶

enumerator BUILD_VERSION = 0x00000032u¶

enumerator DYLD_EXPORTS_TRIE = 0x80000033u¶

enumerator DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS = 0x80000034u¶

enumerator FILESET_ENTRY = 0x80000035u¶

enumerator LIEF_UNKNOWN = 0xffee0001u¶

using raw_t = std::vector<uint8_t>¶

Public Functions

LoadCommand() = default¶

LoadCommand(const details::load_command &command)¶

inline LoadCommand(LoadCommand::TYPE type, uint32_t size)¶

LoadCommand &operator=(const LoadCommand &copy) = default¶

LoadCommand(const LoadCommand &copy) = default¶

void swap(LoadCommand &other) noexcept¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const¶

~LoadCommand() override = default¶

inline LoadCommand::TYPE command() const¶: Command type.

inline uint32_t size() const¶: Size of the command (should be greather than sizeof(load_command))

inline span<const uint8_t> data() const¶: Raw command.

inline uint64_t command_offset() const¶: Offset of the command within the Load Command Table

inline void data(raw_t data)¶

inline void command(LoadCommand::TYPE command)¶

inline void size(uint32_t size)¶

inline void command_offset(uint64_t offset)¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

template<class T> inline const T *cast() const¶

template<class T> inline T *cast()¶

Public Static Functions

static bool is_linkedit_data(const LoadCommand &cmd)¶

Friends

inline friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const LoadCommand &cmd)¶

MainCommand¶

class MainCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represent the LC_MAIN command. This kind of command can be used to determine the entrypoint of an executable.

Public Functions

MainCommand() = default¶

MainCommand(const details::entry_point_command &cmd)¶

MainCommand(uint64_t entrypoint, uint64_t stacksize)¶

MainCommand &operator=(const MainCommand &copy) = default¶

MainCommand(const MainCommand &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~MainCommand() override = default¶

inline uint64_t entrypoint() const¶: Offset of the main function relative to the __TEXT segment.

inline uint64_t stack_size() const¶: The initial stack size.

inline void entrypoint(uint64_t entrypoint)¶

inline void stack_size(uint64_t stacksize)¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Section¶

class Section : public LIEF::Section ¶

Class that represents a Mach-O section.

Public Types

enum class TYPE : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator REGULAR = 0x00u¶: Regular section.

enumerator ZEROFILL = 0x01u¶: Zero fill on demand section.

enumerator CSTRING_LITERALS = 0x02u¶: Section with literal C strings.

enumerator S_4BYTE_LITERALS = 0x03u¶: Section with 4 byte literals.

enumerator S_8BYTE_LITERALS = 0x04u¶: Section with 8 byte literals.

enumerator LITERAL_POINTERS = 0x05u¶: Section with pointers to literals.

enumerator NON_LAZY_SYMBOL_POINTERS = 0x06u¶: Section with non-lazy symbol pointers.

enumerator LAZY_SYMBOL_POINTERS = 0x07u¶: Section with lazy symbol pointers.

enumerator SYMBOL_STUBS = 0x08u¶: Section with symbol stubs, byte size of stub in the Reserved2 field.

enumerator MOD_INIT_FUNC_POINTERS = 0x09u¶: Section with only function pointers for initialization.

enumerator MOD_TERM_FUNC_POINTERS = 0x0au¶: Section with only function pointers for termination.

enumerator COALESCED = 0x0bu¶: Section contains symbols that are to be coalesced.

enumerator GB_ZEROFILL = 0x0cu¶: Zero fill on demand section (that can be larger than 4 gigabytes).

enumerator INTERPOSING = 0x0du¶: Section with only pairs of function pointers for interposing.

enumerator S_16BYTE_LITERALS = 0x0eu¶: Section with only 16 byte literals.

enumerator DTRACE_DOF = 0x0fu¶: Section contains DTrace Object Format.

enumerator LAZY_DYLIB_SYMBOL_POINTERS = 0x10u¶: Section with lazy symbol pointers to lazy loaded dylibs.

enumerator THREAD_LOCAL_REGULAR = 0x11u¶: Thread local data section.

enumerator THREAD_LOCAL_ZEROFILL = 0x12u¶: Thread local zerofill section.

enumerator THREAD_LOCAL_VARIABLES = 0x13u¶: Section with thread local variable structure data.

enumerator THREAD_LOCAL_VARIABLE_POINTERS = 0x14u¶: Section with pointers to thread local structures.

enumerator THREAD_LOCAL_INIT_FUNCTION_POINTERS = 0x15u¶: Section with thread local variable initialization pointers to functions.

enumerator INIT_FUNC_OFFSETS = 0x16u¶: Section with 32-bit offsets to initializer functions.

enum class FLAGS : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator PURE_INSTRUCTIONS = 0x80000000u¶: Section contains only true machine instructions.

enumerator NO_TOC = 0x40000000u¶: Section contains coalesced symbols that are not to be in a ranlib table of contents.

enumerator STRIP_STATIC_SYMS = 0x20000000u¶: Ok to strip static symbols in this section in files with the MY_DYLDLINK flag.

enumerator NO_DEAD_STRIP = 0x10000000u¶: No dead stripping.

enumerator LIVE_SUPPORT = 0x08000000u¶: Blocks are live if they reference live blocks.

enumerator SELF_MODIFYING_CODE = 0x04000000u¶: Used with i386 code stubs written on by dyld.

enumerator DEBUG_INFO = 0x02000000u¶: A debug section.

enumerator SOME_INSTRUCTIONS = 0x00000400u¶: Section contains some machine instructions.

enumerator EXT_RELOC = 0x00000200u¶: Section has external relocation entries.

enumerator LOC_RELOC = 0x00000100u¶: Section has local relocation entries.

using content_t = std::vector<uint8_t>¶

using relocations_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Relocation>>¶: Internal container for storing Mach-O Relocation.

using it_relocations = ref_iterator<relocations_t&, Relocation*>¶: Iterator which outputs Relocation&.

using it_const_relocations = const_ref_iterator<const relocations_t&, const Relocation*>¶: Iterator which outputs const Relocation&.

Public Functions

Section()¶

Section(const details::section_32 &section_cmd)¶

Section(const details::section_64 &section_cmd)¶

Section(std::string name)¶

Section(std::string name, content_t content)¶

Section &operator=(Section copy)¶

Section(const Section &copy)¶

void swap(Section &other) noexcept¶

~Section() override¶

virtual span<const uint8_t> content() const override¶: section’s content

virtual void content(const content_t &data) override¶: Update the content of the section.

const std::string &segment_name() const¶: Return the name of the segment linked to this section.

inline uint64_t address() const¶: Virtual base address of the section.

inline uint32_t alignment() const¶: Section alignment as a power of 2.

inline uint32_t relocation_offset() const¶

Offset of the relocation table. This value should be 0 for executable and libraries as the relocations are managed by the DyldInfo::rebase.

On the other hand, for object files (.o) this value should not be 0

See also

numberof_relocations

See also

relocations

inline uint32_t numberof_relocations() const¶: Number of relocations associated with this section.

inline FLAGS flags() const¶

Section’s flags masked with SECTION_FLAGS_MASK (see: Section::FLAGS)

See also

flags

inline TYPE type() const¶: Type of the section. This value can help to determine the purpose of the section (e.g. MACHO_SECTION_TYPES::MACHO_SECTION_TYPES)

inline uint32_t reserved1() const¶: According to the official loader.h file, this value is reserved for offset or index

inline uint32_t reserved2() const¶: According to the official loader.h file, this value is reserved for count or sizeof

inline uint32_t reserved3() const¶: This value is only present for 64 bits Mach-O files. In that case, the value is reserved.

std::vector<FLAGS> flags_list() const¶

Return the Section::flags as a list of Section::FLAGS.

See also

flags

inline uint32_t raw_flags() const¶: Section flags without applying the SECTION_FLAGS_MASK mask.

inline bool has_segment() const¶: Check if this section is correctly linked with a MachO::SegmentCommand.

inline SegmentCommand *segment()¶: The segment associated with this section or a nullptr if not present.

inline const SegmentCommand *segment() const¶

std::unique_ptr<SpanStream> stream() const¶: Return a stream over the content of this section.

void clear(uint8_t v)¶: Clear the content of this section by filling its values with the byte provided in parameter.

inline it_relocations relocations()¶

Return an iterator over the MachO::Relocation associated with this section.

This iterator is likely to be empty of executable and libraries while it should not for object files (.o)

inline it_const_relocations relocations() const¶

void segment_name(const std::string &name)¶

inline void address(uint64_t address)¶

inline void alignment(uint32_t align)¶

inline void relocation_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void numberof_relocations(uint32_t nb_reloc)¶

inline void flags(uint32_t flags)¶

void flags(std::vector<FLAGS> flags)¶

inline void type(TYPE type)¶

inline void reserved1(uint32_t reserved1)¶

inline void reserved2(uint32_t reserved2)¶

inline void reserved3(uint32_t reserved3)¶

bool has(FLAGS flag) const¶: Check if the section has the given Section::FLAGS flag.

void add(FLAGS flag)¶: Append a Section::FLAGS to the current section.

void remove(FLAGS flag)¶: Remove a Section::FLAGS to the current section.

inline Section &operator+=(FLAGS flag)¶

inline Section &operator-=(FLAGS flag)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Attributes

static auto FLAGS_MASK = uint32_t(0xffffff00u)¶

static auto TYPE_MASK = uint32_t(0xff)¶

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Section &section)¶

SegmentCommand¶

class SegmentCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class which represents a LoadCommand::TYPE::SEGMENT / LoadCommand::TYPE::SEGMENT_64 command.

Subclassed by LIEF::MachO::LinkEdit

Public Types

enum class FLAGS : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator HIGHVM = 0x1u¶: The file contents for this segment are for the high part of the virtual memory space; the low part is zero filled (for stacks in core files).

enumerator FVMLIB = 0x2u¶: this segment is the VM that is allocated by a fixed VM library, for overlap checking in the link editor.

enumerator NORELOC = 0x4u¶: This segment has nothing that was relocated in it and nothing relocated to it. It may be safely replaced without relocation.

enumerator PROTECTED_VERSION_1 = 0x8u¶

enumerator READ_ONLY = 0x10u¶

enum class VM_PROTECTIONS¶

Values for segment_command.initprot. From <mach/vm_prot.h>

Values:

enumerator READ = 0x1¶: Reading data within the segment is allowed.

enumerator WRITE = 0x2¶: Writing data within the segment is allowed.

enumerator EXECUTE = 0x4¶: Executing data within the segment is allowed.

using content_t = std::vector<uint8_t>¶

using sections_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Section>>¶: Internal container for storing Mach-O Section.

using it_sections = ref_iterator<sections_t&, Section*>¶: Iterator which outputs Section&.

using it_const_sections = const_ref_iterator<const sections_t&, const Section*>¶: Iterator which outputs const Section&.

using relocations_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Relocation>>¶: Internal container for storing Mach-O Relocation.

using it_relocations = ref_iterator<relocations_t&, Relocation*>¶: Iterator which outputs Relocation&.

using it_const_relocations = const_ref_iterator<const relocations_t&, const Relocation*>¶: Iterator which outputs const Relocation&.

Public Functions

SegmentCommand()¶

SegmentCommand(const details::segment_command_32 &cmd)¶

SegmentCommand(const details::segment_command_64 &cmd)¶

SegmentCommand &operator=(SegmentCommand other)¶

SegmentCommand(const SegmentCommand &copy)¶

SegmentCommand(std::string name, content_t content)¶

SegmentCommand(std::string name)¶

void swap(SegmentCommand &other) noexcept¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~SegmentCommand() override¶

inline const std::string &name() const¶: Name of the segment (e.g. __TEXT)

inline uint64_t virtual_address() const¶: Absolute virtual base address of the segment.

inline uint64_t virtual_size() const¶: Virtual size of the segment.

inline uint64_t file_size() const¶: Size of this segment in the binary file.

inline uint64_t file_offset() const¶: Offset of the data of this segment in the file.

inline uint32_t max_protection() const¶: The maximum of protections for this segment (cf. VM_PROTECTIONS)

inline uint32_t init_protection() const¶: The initial protections of this segment (cf. VM_PROTECTIONS)

inline uint32_t numberof_sections() const¶: The number of sections associated with this segment.

inline uint32_t flags() const¶: Flags associated with this segment (cf. SegmentCommand::FLAGS)

inline it_sections sections()¶: Return an iterator over the MachO::Section linked to this segment.

inline it_const_sections sections() const¶

inline it_relocations relocations()¶

Return an iterator over the MachO::Relocation linked to this segment.

For Mach-O executable or library this iterator should be empty as the relocations are managed by the Dyld::rebase_opcodes. On the other hand, for object files (.o) this iterator should not be empty

inline it_const_relocations relocations() const¶

const Section *get_section(const std::string &name) const¶: Get the section with the given name.

Section *get_section(const std::string &name)¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶: The raw content of this segment.

std::unique_ptr<SpanStream> stream() const¶: Return a stream over the content of this segment.

inline int8_t index() const¶: The original index of this segment or -1 if not defined.

inline void name(std::string name)¶

inline void virtual_address(uint64_t virtual_address)¶

inline void virtual_size(uint64_t virtual_size)¶

inline void file_offset(uint64_t file_offset)¶

inline void file_size(uint64_t file_size)¶

inline void max_protection(uint32_t max_protection)¶

inline void init_protection(uint32_t init_protection)¶

inline void numberof_sections(uint32_t nb_section)¶

inline void flags(uint32_t flags)¶

void content(content_t data)¶

Section &add_section(const Section &section)¶: Add a new section in this segment.

void remove_all_sections()¶: Remove all the sections linked to this segment.

bool has(const Section &section) const¶: Check if the current segment embeds the given section.

bool has_section(const std::string &section_name) const¶: Check if the current segment embeds the given section name.

inline bool is(VM_PROTECTIONS prot) const¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Symbol¶

class Symbol : public LIEF::Symbol ¶

Class that represents a Symbol in a Mach-O file.

A Mach-O symbol can come from:

The symbols command (LC_SYMTAB / SymbolCommand)
The Dyld Export trie
The Dyld Symbol bindings

Public Types

enum class CATEGORY : uint32_t¶

Category of the symbol when the symbol comes from the LC_SYMTAB command. The category is defined according to the LC_DYSYMTAB (DynamicSymbolCommand) command.

Values:

enumerator NONE = 0¶

enumerator LOCAL¶

enumerator EXTERNAL¶

enumerator UNDEFINED¶

enumerator INDIRECT_ABS¶

enumerator INDIRECT_LOCAL¶

enumerator INDIRECT_ABS_LOCAL¶

enum class ORIGIN : uint32_t¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator DYLD_EXPORT = 1¶

enumerator DYLD_BIND = 2¶

enumerator LC_SYMTAB = 3¶: The symbol comes from the binding opcodes.

enum class TYPE : uint32_t¶

Values:

enumerator UNDEFINED = 0x0u¶: The symbol is undefined. It is referenced in a different module.

enumerator ABSOLUTE_SYM = 0x2u¶: The symbol is absolute. The linker doesn’t update his value.

enumerator SECTION = 0xeu¶: The symbol is defined in the section number given in nlist_base.n_sect .

enumerator PREBOUND = 0xcu¶: The symbol is undefined and the image is using a prebound value for the symbol. Set the n_sect field to NO_SECT .

enumerator INDIRECT = 0xau¶: The symbol is defined to be the same as another symbol. The n_value field is an index into the string table specifying the name of the other symbol. When that symbol is linked, both this and the other symbol point to the same defined type and value.

Public Functions

Symbol() = default¶

Symbol(const details::nlist_32 &cmd)¶

Symbol(const details::nlist_64 &cmd)¶

inline Symbol(uint8_t n_type, uint8_t n_sect, uint8_t n_desc, uint64_t value)¶

Symbol &operator=(Symbol other)¶

Symbol(const Symbol &other)¶

void swap(Symbol &other) noexcept¶

~Symbol() override = default¶

inline int library_ordinal() const¶

inline uint8_t raw_type() const¶: Raw value of nlist_xx.n_type

inline TYPE type() const¶: Type as defined by nlist_xx.n_type & N_TYPE

inline uint8_t numberof_sections() const¶: It returns the number of sections in which this symbol can be found. If the symbol can’t be found in any section, it returns 0 (NO_SECT)

inline uint16_t description() const¶: Return information about the symbol (SYMBOL_DESCRIPTIONS)

inline bool has_export_info() const¶: True if the symbol is associated with an ExportInfo This value is set when the symbol comes from the Dyld Export trie.

inline const ExportInfo *export_info() const¶

Return the ExportInfo associated with this symbol (or nullptr if not present)

See also

has_export_info

inline ExportInfo *export_info()¶

inline bool has_binding_info() const¶: True if the symbol is associated with a BindingInfo This value is set when the symbol comes from the Dyld symbol bindings.

inline const BindingInfo *binding_info() const¶

Return the BindingInfo associated with this symbol (or nullptr if not present)

See also

has_binding_info

inline BindingInfo *binding_info()¶

std::string demangled_name() const¶: Try to demangle the symbol or return an empty string if it is not possible.

inline bool is_external() const¶: True if the symbol is defined as an external symbol.

inline const DylibCommand *library() const¶: Return the library in which the symbol is defined. It returns a null pointer if the library can’t be resolved.

inline DylibCommand *library()¶

inline ORIGIN origin() const¶: Return the origin of the symbol: from LC_SYMTAB command or from the Dyld information.

inline CATEGORY category() const¶: Category of the symbol according to the LC_DYSYMTAB command.

inline void raw_type(uint8_t type)¶

inline void numberof_sections(uint8_t nbsections)¶

inline void description(uint16_t desc)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool is_valid_index_ordinal(int idx)¶

static const Symbol &indirect_abs()¶

static const Symbol &indirect_local()¶

static const Symbol &indirect_abs_local()¶

Public Static Attributes

static int SELF_LIBRARY_ORD = 0x0¶

static int MAIN_EXECUTABLE_ORD = 0xff¶

static int DYNAMIC_LOOKUP_ORD = 0xfe¶

static uint32_t TYPE_MASK = 0x0e¶: Same as N_TYPE.

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Symbol &symbol)¶

SymbolCommand¶

class SymbolCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_SYMTAB command.

Public Functions

SymbolCommand() = default¶

SymbolCommand(const details::symtab_command &command)¶

SymbolCommand &operator=(const SymbolCommand &copy) = default¶

SymbolCommand(const SymbolCommand &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~SymbolCommand() override = default¶

inline uint32_t symbol_offset() const¶: Offset from the start of the file to the n_list associated with the command.

inline uint32_t numberof_symbols() const¶: Number of symbols registered.

inline uint32_t strings_offset() const¶: Offset from the start of the file to the string table.

inline uint32_t strings_size() const¶: Size of the size string table.

inline void symbol_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void numberof_symbols(uint32_t nb)¶

inline void strings_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void strings_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline span<const uint8_t> symbol_table() const¶

inline span<uint8_t> symbol_table()¶

inline span<const uint8_t> string_table() const¶

inline span<uint8_t> string_table()¶

inline uint32_t original_str_size() const¶

inline uint32_t original_nb_symbols() const¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

UUIDCommand¶

class UUIDCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the UUID command.

Public Functions

UUIDCommand() = default¶

UUIDCommand(const details::uuid_command &cmd)¶

UUIDCommand &operator=(const UUIDCommand &copy) = default¶

UUIDCommand(const UUIDCommand &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~UUIDCommand() override = default¶

inline const uuid_t &uuid() const¶: The UUID as a 16-bytes array.

inline void uuid(const uuid_t &uuid)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Dyld Info¶

class DyldInfo : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_DYLD_INFO and LC_DYLD_INFO_ONLY commands.

Public Types

enum class BINDING_ENCODING_VERSION¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator V1¶

enumerator V2¶

enum class REBASE_TYPE : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator POINTER = 1u¶

enumerator TEXT_ABSOLUTE32 = 2u¶

enumerator TEXT_PCREL32 = 3u¶

enumerator THREADED = 102u¶

enum class REBASE_OPCODES : uint8_t¶

Values:

enumerator DONE = 0x00u¶: It’s finished.

enumerator SET_TYPE_IMM = 0x10u¶: Set type to immediate (lower 4-bits). Used for ordinal numbers from 0-15.

enumerator SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB = 0x20u¶: Set segment’s index to immediate (lower 4-bits) and segment’s offset to following ULEB128 encoding.

enumerator ADD_ADDR_ULEB = 0x30u¶: Add segment’s offset with the following ULEB128 encoding.

enumerator ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED = 0x40u¶: Add segment’s offset with immediate scaling.

enumerator DO_REBASE_IMM_TIMES = 0x50u¶: Rebase in the range of [segment's offset; segment's offset + immediate * sizeof(ptr)]

enumerator DO_REBASE_ULEB_TIMES = 0x60u¶: Same as REBASE_OPCODE_DO_REBASE_IMM_TIMES but immediate is replaced with ULEB128 value.

enumerator DO_REBASE_ADD_ADDR_ULEB = 0x70u¶: Rebase and increment segment’s offset with following ULEB128 encoding + pointer’s size.

enumerator DO_REBASE_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB = 0x80u¶: Rebase and skip several bytes.

enum class BIND_OPCODES : uint8_t¶

Opcodes used by Dyld info to bind symbols.

Values:

enumerator DONE = 0x00u¶: It’s finished.

enumerator SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_IMM = 0x10u¶: Set ordinal to immediate (lower 4-bits). Used for ordinal numbers from 0-15.

enumerator SET_DYLIB_ORDINAL_ULEB = 0x20u¶: Set ordinal to following ULEB128 encoding. Used for ordinal numbers from 16+.

enumerator SET_DYLIB_SPECIAL_IMM = 0x30u¶: Set ordinal, with 0 or negative number as immediate. the value is sign extended.

enumerator SET_SYMBOL_TRAILING_FLAGS_IMM = 0x40u¶: Set the following symbol (NULL-terminated char*).

enumerator SET_TYPE_IMM = 0x50u¶: Set the type to immediate (lower 4-bits). See BIND_TYPES.

enumerator SET_ADDEND_SLEB = 0x60u¶: Set the addend field to the following SLEB128 encoding.

enumerator SET_SEGMENT_AND_OFFSET_ULEB = 0x70u¶: Set Segment to immediate value, and address to the following SLEB128 encoding.

enumerator ADD_ADDR_ULEB = 0x80u¶: Set the address field to the following SLEB128 encoding.

enumerator DO_BIND = 0x90u¶: Perform binding of current table row.

enumerator DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_ULEB = 0xA0u¶: Perform binding, also add following ULEB128 as address.

enumerator DO_BIND_ADD_ADDR_IMM_SCALED = 0xB0u¶: Perform binding, also add immediate (lower 4-bits) using scaling.

enumerator DO_BIND_ULEB_TIMES_SKIPPING_ULEB = 0xC0u¶: Perform binding for several symbols (as following ULEB128), and skip several bytes.

enumerator THREADED = 0xD0u¶

enumerator THREADED_APPLY = 0xD0u | 0x01u¶

enumerator THREADED_SET_BIND_ORDINAL_TABLE_SIZE_ULEB = 0xD0u | 0x00u¶

enum class BIND_SUBOPCODE_THREADED : uint8_t¶

Values:

enumerator SET_BIND_ORDINAL_TABLE_SIZE_ULEB = 0x00u¶

enumerator APPLY = 0x01u¶

enum BIND_SYMBOL_FLAGS¶

Values:

enumerator WEAK_IMPORT = 0x1u¶

enumerator NON_WEAK_DEFINITION = 0x8u¶

using info_t = std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>¶: Tuple of offset and size

using binding_info_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<DyldBindingInfo>>¶: Internal container for storing DyldBindingInfo.

using it_binding_info = ref_iterator<binding_info_t&, DyldBindingInfo*>¶: Iterator which outputs DyldBindingInfo&.

using it_const_binding_info = const_ref_iterator<const binding_info_t&, DyldBindingInfo*>¶: Iterator which outputs const DyldBindingInfo&.

using export_info_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ExportInfo>>¶: Internal container for storing ExportInfo.

using it_export_info = ref_iterator<export_info_t&, ExportInfo*>¶: Iterator which outputs const ExportInfo&.

using it_const_export_info = const_ref_iterator<const export_info_t&, ExportInfo*>¶: Iterator which outputs const ExportInfo&.

Public Functions

DyldInfo()¶

DyldInfo(const details::dyld_info_command &dyld_info_cmd)¶

DyldInfo &operator=(DyldInfo other)¶

DyldInfo(const DyldInfo &copy)¶

void swap(DyldInfo &other) noexcept¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~DyldInfo() override¶

inline const info_t &rebase() const¶

Rebase information

Dyld rebases an image whenever dyld loads it at an address different from its preferred address. The rebase information is a stream of byte sized opcodes for which symbolic names start with REBASE_OPCODE_. Conceptually the rebase information is a table of tuples: <seg-index, seg-offset, type> The opcodes are a compressed way to encode the table by only encoding when a column changes. In addition simple patterns like “every n’th offset for m times” can be encoded in a few bytes.

See also

/usr/include/mach-o/loader.h

inline span<const uint8_t> rebase_opcodes() const¶: Return Rebase’s opcodes as raw data.

inline span<uint8_t> rebase_opcodes()¶

void rebase_opcodes(buffer_t raw)¶: Set new opcodes.

std::string show_rebases_opcodes() const¶: Return the rebase opcodes in a humman-readable way.

inline const info_t &bind() const¶

Bind information

Dyld binds an image during the loading process, if the image requires any pointers to be initialized to symbols in other images. The rebase information is a stream of byte sized opcodes for which symbolic names start with BIND_OPCODE_. Conceptually the bind information is a table of tuples: <seg-index, seg-offset, type, symbol-library-ordinal, symbol-name, addend> The opcodes are a compressed way to encode the table by only encoding when a column changes. In addition simple patterns like for runs of pointers initialzed to the same value can be encoded in a few bytes.

See also

/usr/include/mach-o/loader.h

inline span<const uint8_t> bind_opcodes() const¶: Return Binding’s opcodes as raw data.

inline span<uint8_t> bind_opcodes()¶

void bind_opcodes(buffer_t raw)¶: Set new opcodes.

std::string show_bind_opcodes() const¶: Return the bind opcodes in a humman-readable way.

inline const info_t &weak_bind() const¶

Weak Bind information

Some C++ programs require dyld to unique symbols so that all images in the process use the same copy of some code/data. This step is done after binding. The content of the weak_bind info is an opcode stream like the bind_info. But it is sorted alphabetically by symbol name. This enables dyld to walk all images with weak binding information in order and look for collisions. If there are no collisions, dyld does no updating. That means that some fixups are also encoded in the bind_info. For instance, all calls to “operator new” are first bound to libstdc++.dylib using the information in bind_info. Then if some image overrides operator new that is detected when the weak_bind information is processed and the call to operator new is then rebound.

See also

/usr/include/mach-o/loader.h

inline span<const uint8_t> weak_bind_opcodes() const¶: Return Weak Binding’s opcodes as raw data.

inline span<uint8_t> weak_bind_opcodes()¶

void weak_bind_opcodes(buffer_t raw)¶: Set new opcodes.

std::string show_weak_bind_opcodes() const¶: Return the bind opcodes in a humman-readable way.

inline const info_t &lazy_bind() const¶

Lazy Bind information

Some uses of external symbols do not need to be bound immediately. Instead they can be lazily bound on first use. The lazy_bind are contains a stream of BIND opcodes to bind all lazy symbols. Normal use is that dyld ignores the lazy_bind section when loading an image. Instead the static linker arranged for the lazy pointer to initially point to a helper function which pushes the offset into the lazy_bind area for the symbol needing to be bound, then jumps to dyld which simply adds the offset to lazy_bind_off to get the information on what to bind.

See also

/usr/include/mach-o/loader.h

inline span<const uint8_t> lazy_bind_opcodes() const¶: Return Lazy Binding’s opcodes as raw data.

inline span<uint8_t> lazy_bind_opcodes()¶

void lazy_bind_opcodes(buffer_t raw)¶: Set new opcodes.

std::string show_lazy_bind_opcodes() const¶: Return the lazy opcodes in a humman-readable way.

inline it_binding_info bindings()¶: Iterator over BindingInfo entries.

inline it_const_binding_info bindings() const¶

inline const info_t &export_info() const¶

Export information

The symbols exported by a dylib are encoded in a trie. This is a compact representation that factors out common prefixes. It also reduces LINKEDIT pages in RAM because it encodes all information (name, address, flags) in one small, contiguous range. The export area is a stream of nodes. The first node sequentially is the start node for the trie.

Nodes for a symbol start with a byte that is the length of the exported symbol information for the string so far. If there is no exported symbol, the byte is zero. If there is exported info, it follows the length byte. The exported info normally consists of a flags and offset both encoded in uleb128. The offset is location of the content named by the symbol. It is the offset from the mach_header for the image.

After the initial byte and optional exported symbol information is a byte of how many edges (0-255) that this node has leaving it, followed by each edge. Each edge is a zero terminated cstring of the addition chars in the symbol, followed by a uleb128 offset for the node that edge points to.

See also

/usr/include/mach-o/loader.h

inline it_export_info exports()¶: Iterator over ExportInfo entries.

inline it_const_export_info exports() const¶

inline span<const uint8_t> export_trie() const¶: Return Export’s trie as raw data.

inline span<uint8_t> export_trie()¶

void export_trie(buffer_t raw)¶: Set new trie.

std::string show_export_trie() const¶: Return the export trie in a humman-readable way.

inline void rebase(const info_t &info)¶

inline void bind(const info_t &info)¶

inline void weak_bind(const info_t &info)¶

inline void lazy_bind(const info_t &info)¶

inline void export_info(const info_t &info)¶

inline void set_rebase_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void set_rebase_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline void set_bind_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void set_bind_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline void set_weak_bind_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void set_weak_bind_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline void set_lazy_bind_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void set_lazy_bind_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline void set_export_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void set_export_size(uint32_t size)¶

void add(std::unique_ptr<ExportInfo> info)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Public Static Attributes

static auto OPCODE_MASK = uint32_t(0xF0)¶

static auto IMMEDIATE_MASK = uint32_t(0x0F)¶

Function starts¶

class FunctionStarts : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class which represents the LC_FUNCTION_STARTS command.

This command is an array of ULEB128 encoded values

Public Functions

FunctionStarts() = default¶

FunctionStarts(const details::linkedit_data_command &cmd)¶

FunctionStarts &operator=(const FunctionStarts &copy) = default¶

FunctionStarts(const FunctionStarts &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline uint32_t data_offset() const¶: Offset in the __LINKEDIT SegmentCommand where start functions are located.

inline uint32_t data_size() const¶: Size of the functions list in the binary.

inline const std::vector<uint64_t> &functions() const¶

Addresses of every function entry point in the executable.

This allows functions to exist for which there are no entries in the symbol table.

Warning

The address is relative to the __TEXT segment

inline std::vector<uint64_t> &functions()¶

inline void add_function(uint64_t address)¶: Add a new function.

inline void data_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void data_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline void functions(std::vector<uint64_t> funcs)¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶

inline span<uint8_t> content()¶

~FunctionStarts() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Source Version¶

class SourceVersion : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the MachO LoadCommand::TYPE::SOURCE_VERSION This command is used to provide the version of the sources used to build the binary.

Public Types

using version_t = std::array<uint32_t, 5>¶: Version is an array of 5 integers.

Public Functions

SourceVersion() = default¶

SourceVersion(const details::source_version_command &version_cmd)¶

SourceVersion &operator=(const SourceVersion &copy) = default¶

SourceVersion(const SourceVersion &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~SourceVersion() override = default¶

inline const version_t &version() const¶: Return the version as an array.

inline void version(const version_t &version)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Version Min¶

class VersionMin : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that wraps the LC_VERSION_MIN_MACOSX, LC_VERSION_MIN_IPHONEOS, … commands.

Public Types

using version_t = std::array<uint32_t, 3>¶: Version is an array of 3 integers.

Public Functions

VersionMin() = default¶

VersionMin(const details::version_min_command &version_cmd)¶

VersionMin &operator=(const VersionMin &copy) = default¶

VersionMin(const VersionMin &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~VersionMin() override = default¶

inline const version_t &version() const¶: Return the version as an array.

inline void version(const version_t &version)¶

inline const version_t &sdk() const¶: Return the sdk version as an array.

inline void sdk(const version_t &sdk)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Routine¶

class Routine : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_ROUTINE/LC_ROUTINE64 commands. Accodring to the Mach-O loader.h documentation:

The routines command contains the address of the dynamic shared library initialization routine and an index into the module table for the module that defines the routine. Before any modules are used from the library the dynamic linker fully binds the module that defines the initialization routine and then calls it. This gets called before any module initialization routines (used for C++ static constructors) in the library.

Public Functions

Routine() = default¶

template<class T> Routine(const T &cmd)¶

Routine &operator=(const Routine &copy) = default¶

Routine(const Routine &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline uint64_t init_address() const¶: address of initialization routine

inline void init_address(uint64_t addr)¶

inline uint64_t init_module() const¶: Index into the module table that the init routine is defined in.

inline void init_module(uint64_t mod)¶

inline uint64_t reserved1() const¶

inline void reserved1(uint64_t value)¶

inline uint64_t reserved2() const¶

inline void reserved2(uint64_t value)¶

inline uint64_t reserved3() const¶

inline void reserved3(uint64_t value)¶

inline uint64_t reserved4() const¶

inline void reserved4(uint64_t value)¶

inline uint64_t reserved5() const¶

inline void reserved5(uint64_t value)¶

inline uint64_t reserved6() const¶

inline void reserved6(uint64_t value)¶

~Routine() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Relocation¶

class Relocation : public LIEF::Relocation ¶

Class that represents a Mach-O relocation.

See also

MachO::RelocationObject
MachO::RelocationDyld
MachO::RelocationFixup

Subclassed by LIEF::MachO::RelocationDyld, LIEF::MachO::RelocationFixup, LIEF::MachO::RelocationObject

Public Types

enum class ORIGIN¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator DYLDINFO = 1¶

enumerator RELOC_TABLE = 2¶

enumerator CHAINED_FIXUPS = 3¶

Public Functions

Relocation() = default¶

Relocation(uint64_t address, uint8_t type)¶

Relocation &operator=(const Relocation &other)¶

Relocation(const Relocation &other)¶

void swap(Relocation &other) noexcept¶

~Relocation() override = default¶

virtual std::unique_ptr<Relocation> clone() const = 0¶

virtual bool is_pc_relative() const = 0¶

Indicates whether the item containing the address to be relocated is part of a CPU instruction that uses PC-relative addressing.

For addresses contained in PC-relative instructions, the CPU adds the address of the instruction to the address contained in the instruction.

inline virtual uint8_t type() const¶

Type of the relocation according to the Relocation::architecture and/or the Relocation::origin.

See:

MachO::X86_RELOCATION
MachO::X86_64_RELOCATION
MachO::PPC_RELOCATION
MachO::ARM_RELOCATION
MachO::ARM64_RELOCATION
MachO::REBASE_TYPES

inline Header::CPU_TYPE architecture() const¶: Achitecture targeted by this relocation.

virtual ORIGIN origin() const = 0¶: Origin of the relocation.

inline bool has_symbol() const¶: true if the relocation has a symbol associated with

inline Symbol *symbol()¶: Symbol associated with the relocation, if any, otherwise a nullptr.

inline const Symbol *symbol() const¶

inline bool has_section() const¶: true if the relocation has a section associated with

inline Section *section()¶: Section associated with the relocation, if any, otherwise a nullptr.

inline const Section *section() const¶

inline bool has_segment() const¶: true if the relocation has a SegmentCommand associated with

inline SegmentCommand *segment()¶: SegmentCommand associated with the relocation, if any, otherwise a nullptr.

inline const SegmentCommand *segment() const¶

template<class T> inline const T *cast() const¶

template<class T> inline T *cast()¶

virtual void pc_relative(bool val) = 0¶

virtual void type(uint8_t type)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const¶

inline virtual uint64_t address() const¶: Relocation’s address.

inline virtual void address(uint64_t address)¶

inline virtual size_t size() const¶: Relocation size in bits

inline virtual void size(size_t size)¶

Public Static Attributes

static auto R_SCATTERED = uint32_t(0x80000000)¶

static auto R_ABS = uint32_t(0)¶

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Relocation &relocation)¶

Relocation Object¶

class RelocationObject : public LIEF::MachO::Relocation ¶

Class that represents a relocation presents in the MachO object file (.o). Usually, this kind of relocation is found in the MachO::Section.

See also

RelocationDyld

Public Functions

RelocationObject() = default¶

RelocationObject(const details::relocation_info &relocinfo)¶

RelocationObject(const details::scattered_relocation_info &scattered_relocinfo)¶

RelocationObject &operator=(const RelocationObject &other) = default¶

RelocationObject(const RelocationObject &other) = default¶

void swap(RelocationObject &other) noexcept¶

~RelocationObject() override = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<Relocation> clone() const override¶

inline virtual bool is_pc_relative() const override¶: Whether the relocation is PC relative.

virtual size_t size() const override¶: Size of the relocation.

virtual uint64_t address() const override¶: Address where the relocation is applied This address is relative to the start of the section where the relocation takes place.

inline bool is_scattered() const¶: true if the relocation is a scattered one

int32_t value() const¶

For scattered relocations: The address of the relocatable expression for the item in the file that needs to be updated if the address is changed.

For relocatable expressions with the difference of two section addresses, the address from which to subtract (in mathematical terms, the minuend) is contained in the first relocation entry and the address to subtract (the subtrahend) is contained in the second relocation entry.

inline virtual ORIGIN origin() const override¶: Origin of the relocation. For this object it should be Relocation::ORIGIN::RELOC_TABLE)

inline virtual void pc_relative(bool val) override¶

virtual void size(size_t size) override¶

void value(int32_t value)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

inline virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Relocation() = default¶

Relocation(uint64_t address, uint8_t type)¶

Relocation(const Relocation &other)¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const Relocation &r)¶

Relocation Dyld¶

class RelocationDyld : public LIEF::MachO::Relocation ¶

Class that represents a relocation found in the DyldInfo structure.

While this class does not have an associated structure in the Mach-O format specification, it provides a convenient interface for the Dyld::rebase

Public Functions

RelocationDyld() = default¶

RelocationDyld &operator=(const RelocationDyld&) = default¶

RelocationDyld(const RelocationDyld&) = default¶

~RelocationDyld() override = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<Relocation> clone() const override¶

virtual bool is_pc_relative() const override¶

Indicates whether the item containing the address to be relocated is part of a CPU instruction that uses PC-relative addressing.

For addresses contained in PC-relative instructions, the CPU adds the address of the instruction to the address contained in the instruction.

inline virtual ORIGIN origin() const override¶: Origin of the relocation. For this concrete object, it should be Relocation::ORIGIN::DYLDINFO.

virtual void pc_relative(bool val) override¶

bool operator<(const RelocationDyld &rhs) const¶

inline bool operator>=(const RelocationDyld &rhs) const¶

bool operator>(const RelocationDyld &rhs) const¶

inline bool operator<=(const RelocationDyld &rhs) const¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

inline virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Relocation() = default¶

Relocation(uint64_t address, uint8_t type)¶

Relocation(const Relocation &other)¶

inline virtual bool operator<(const Relocation &rhs) const¶: Comparaison based on the Relocation’s address

inline virtual bool operator<=(const Relocation &rhs) const¶: Comparaison based on the Relocation’s address

inline virtual bool operator>(const Relocation &rhs) const¶: Comparaison based on the Relocation’s address

inline virtual bool operator>=(const Relocation &rhs) const¶: Comparaison based on the Relocation’s address

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const Relocation &r)¶

Relocation Fixup¶

class RelocationFixup : public LIEF::MachO::Relocation ¶

Class that represents a rebase relocation found in the LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS command.

This class extends LIEF::Relocation in which LIEF::Relocation::address is set to the absolute virtual address where the relocation must take place (e.g. 0x10000d270).

On the other hand, RelocationFixup::target contains the value that should be set at LIEF::Relocation::address if the imagebase is LIEF::Binary::imagebase (e.g. 0x1000073a8).

If the Mach-O loader chooses another base address (like 0x7ff100000), it must set 0x10000d270 to 0x7ff1073a8.

Public Functions

RelocationFixup() = delete¶

RelocationFixup(DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_FORMAT fmt, uint64_t imagebase)¶

RelocationFixup &operator=(const RelocationFixup&)¶

RelocationFixup(const RelocationFixup&)¶

RelocationFixup &operator=(RelocationFixup&&) noexcept = default¶

RelocationFixup(RelocationFixup&&) noexcept = default¶

~RelocationFixup() override¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<Relocation> clone() const override¶

inline virtual bool is_pc_relative() const override¶: Not relevant for this kind of relocation.

inline virtual ORIGIN origin() const override¶: Origin of the relocation. For this concrete object, it should be Relocation::ORIGIN::CHAINED_FIXUPS.

inline DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_FORMAT ptr_format() const¶

uint64_t target() const¶: The value that should be set at the address pointed by LIEF::Relocation::address if the imagebase chosen by the loader is LIEF::Binary::imagebase. Otherwise: target() - LIEF::Binary::imagebase() + new_imagebase.

void target(uint64_t target)¶

inline virtual void pc_relative(bool) override¶: Not relevant for this kind of relocation.

inline uint32_t offset() const¶

inline void offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline virtual uint64_t address() const override¶: The address of this relocation is bound to its offset.

inline virtual void address(uint64_t address) override¶: Changing the address means changing the offset.

uint32_t next() const¶: Return the (unscaled) next offset in the chain.

void next(uint32_t value)¶: Change next offset of the current element.

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Members

details::dyld_chained_ptr_arm64e_rebase *arm64_rebase_ = nullptr¶

details::dyld_chained_ptr_arm64e_auth_rebase *arm64_auth_rebase_¶

details::dyld_chained_ptr_64_rebase *p64_rebase_¶

details::dyld_chained_ptr_32_rebase *p32_rebase_¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const Relocation &r)¶

Dyld Binding Info¶

class DyldBindingInfo : public LIEF::MachO::BindingInfo¶

This class represents a symbol binding operation associated with the LC_DYLD_INFO bytecode.

It does not represent a structure that exists in the Mach-O format specifications but it provides a view on an entry of the Dyld binding opcodes.

See also

: BindingInfo

Public Types

enum class CLASS : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator WEAK = 1u¶

enumerator LAZY = 2u¶

enumerator STANDARD = 3u¶

enumerator THREADED = 100u¶

enum class TYPE : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator POINTER = 1u¶

enumerator TEXT_ABSOLUTE32 = 2u¶

enumerator TEXT_PCREL32 = 3u¶

Public Functions

DyldBindingInfo() = default¶

DyldBindingInfo(CLASS cls, TYPE type, uint64_t address, int64_t addend = 0, int32_t oridnal = 0, bool is_weak = false, bool is_non_weak_definition = false, uint64_t offset = 0)¶

DyldBindingInfo &operator=(const DyldBindingInfo &other) = default¶

DyldBindingInfo(const DyldBindingInfo &other) = default¶

DyldBindingInfo(DyldBindingInfo&&) noexcept = default¶

void swap(DyldBindingInfo &other) noexcept¶

inline CLASS binding_class() const¶: Class of the binding (weak, lazy, …)

inline void binding_class(CLASS bind_class)¶

inline TYPE binding_type() const¶: Type of the binding. Most of the times it’s TYPE::POINTER.

inline void binding_type(TYPE type)¶

inline bool is_non_weak_definition() const¶

inline void set_non_weak_definition(bool val)¶

inline uint64_t original_offset() const¶: Original relative offset of the binding opcodes.

inline virtual BindingInfo::TYPES type() const override¶: The type of the binding. This type provides the origin of the binding (LC_DYLD_INFO or LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS)

~DyldBindingInfo() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const BindingInfo *info)¶

Friends

inline friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const DyldBindingInfo &info)¶

Chained Binding Info¶

class ChainedBindingInfo : public LIEF::MachO::BindingInfo¶

This class represents a symbol binding operation associated with the LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS command.

This class does not represent a structure that exists in the Mach-O format specifications but it provides a view on an entry.

See also

: BindingInfo

Public Functions

ChainedBindingInfo() = delete¶

explicit ChainedBindingInfo(DYLD_CHAINED_FORMAT fmt, bool is_weak)¶

ChainedBindingInfo &operator=(ChainedBindingInfo other)¶

ChainedBindingInfo(const ChainedBindingInfo &other)¶

ChainedBindingInfo(ChainedBindingInfo&&) noexcept¶

void swap(ChainedBindingInfo &other) noexcept¶

inline DYLD_CHAINED_FORMAT format() const¶: Format of the imports.

inline DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_FORMAT ptr_format() const¶: Format of the pointer.

inline uint32_t offset() const¶: Original offset in the chain of this binding.

inline void offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline virtual uint64_t address() const override¶: Address of the binding.

inline virtual void address(uint64_t address) override¶

uint64_t sign_extended_addend() const¶

inline virtual TYPES type() const override¶: The type of the binding. This type provides the origin of the binding (LC_DYLD_INFO or LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS)

inline ~ChainedBindingInfo() override¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Members

details::dyld_chained_ptr_arm64e_bind *arm64_bind_ = nullptr¶

details::dyld_chained_ptr_arm64e_auth_bind *arm64_auth_bind_¶

details::dyld_chained_ptr_arm64e_bind24 *arm64_bind24_¶

details::dyld_chained_ptr_arm64e_auth_bind24 *arm64_auth_bind24_¶

details::dyld_chained_ptr_64_bind *p64_bind_¶

details::dyld_chained_ptr_32_bind *p32_bind_¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const BindingInfo *info)¶

Friends

inline friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const ChainedBindingInfo &info)¶

Export Info¶

class ExportInfo : public LIEF::Object¶

Class that provides an interface over the Dyld export info.

This class does not represent a structure that exists in the Mach-O format specification but provides a view on an entry of the Dyld export trie.

Public Types

enum class KIND : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator REGULAR = 0x00u¶

enumerator THREAD_LOCAL_KIND = 0x01u¶

enumerator ABSOLUTE_KIND = 0x02u¶

enum class FLAGS : uint64_t¶

Values:

enumerator WEAK_DEFINITION = 0x04u¶

enumerator REEXPORT = 0x08u¶

enumerator STUB_AND_RESOLVER = 0x10u¶

using flag_list_t = std::vector<FLAGS>¶

Public Functions

ExportInfo() = default¶

inline ExportInfo(uint64_t address, uint64_t flags, uint64_t offset = 0)¶

ExportInfo &operator=(ExportInfo copy)¶

ExportInfo(const ExportInfo &copy)¶

void swap(ExportInfo &other) noexcept¶

inline uint64_t node_offset() const¶: Original offset in the export Trie.

inline uint64_t flags() const¶: Some information (ExportInfo::FLAGS) about the export. (like weak export, reexport, …)

inline void flags(uint64_t flags)¶

flag_list_t flags_list() const¶: The export flags() as a list.

bool has(FLAGS flag) const¶: Check if the current entry contains the provided ExportInfo::FLAGS.

inline KIND kind() const¶: The export’s kind (regular, thread local, absolute, …)

inline uint64_t other() const¶

inline uint64_t address() const¶: The address of the export.

inline void address(uint64_t addr)¶

inline bool has_symbol() const¶: Check if a symbol is associated with this export.

inline const Symbol *symbol() const¶: MachO::Symbol associated with this export or a nullptr if no symbol.

inline Symbol *symbol()¶

inline Symbol *alias()¶: If the export is a ExportInfo::FLAGS::REEXPORT, this returns the (optional) MachO::Symbol.

inline const Symbol *alias() const¶

inline DylibCommand *alias_library()¶: If the export is a ExportInfo::FLAGS::REEXPORT, this returns the (optional) library (MachO::DylibCommand)

inline const DylibCommand *alias_library() const¶

~ExportInfo() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const ExportInfo &export_info)¶

Thread Command¶

class ThreadCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_THREAD / LC_UNIXTHREAD commands and that can be used to get the binary entrypoint when the LC_MAIN (MainCommand) is not present.

Generally speaking, this command aims at defining the original state of the main thread which includes the registers’ values

Public Functions

ThreadCommand() = default¶

ThreadCommand(const details::thread_command &cmd, Header::CPU_TYPE arch = Header::CPU_TYPE::ANY)¶

ThreadCommand(uint32_t flavor, uint32_t count, Header::CPU_TYPE arch = Header::CPU_TYPE::ANY)¶

ThreadCommand &operator=(const ThreadCommand &copy) = default¶

ThreadCommand(const ThreadCommand &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~ThreadCommand() override = default¶

inline uint32_t flavor() const¶

Integer that defines a special flavor for the thread.

The meaning of this value depends on the architecture(). The list of the values can be found in the XNU kernel files:

xnu/osfmk/mach/arm/thread_status.h for the ARM/AArch64 architectures
xnu/osfmk/mach/i386/thread_status.h for the x86/x86-64 architectures

inline uint32_t count() const¶

Size of the thread state data with 32-bits alignment.

This value should match state().size()

inline Header::CPU_TYPE architecture() const¶: The CPU architecture that is targeted by this ThreadCommand.

inline span<const uint8_t> state() const¶: The actual thread state as a vector of bytes. Depending on the architecture(), these data can be casted into x86_thread_state_t, x86_thread_state64_t, …

inline span<uint8_t> state()¶

uint64_t pc() const¶

Return the initial Program Counter regardless of the underlying architecture. This value, when non null, can be used to determine the binary’s entrypoint.

Underneath, it works by looking for the PC register value in the state() data

inline void state(std::vector<uint8_t> state)¶

inline void flavor(uint32_t flavor)¶

inline void count(uint32_t count)¶

inline void architecture(Header::CPU_TYPE arch)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

RPath Command¶

class RPathCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_RPATH command.

This command is used to add path for searching libraries associated with the @rpath prefix.

Public Functions

RPathCommand() = default¶

RPathCommand(std::string path)¶

RPathCommand(const details::rpath_command &rpathCmd)¶

RPathCommand &operator=(const RPathCommand &copy) = default¶

RPathCommand(const RPathCommand &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~RPathCommand() override = default¶

inline const std::string &path() const¶: The rpath value as a string.

inline void path(std::string path)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline std::unique_ptr<RPathCommand> create(std::string path)¶: Create a new RPath command for the provided path

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Code Signature¶

class CodeSignature : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Public Functions

CodeSignature() = default¶

CodeSignature(const details::linkedit_data_command &cmd)¶

CodeSignature &operator=(const CodeSignature &copy) = default¶

CodeSignature(const CodeSignature &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline uint32_t data_offset() const¶: Offset in the binary where the signature starts.

inline uint32_t data_size() const¶: Size of the raw signature.

inline void data_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void data_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline span<uint8_t> content()¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶

~CodeSignature() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Data In Code¶

class DataInCode : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Interface of the LC_DATA_IN_CODE command This command is used to list slices of code sections that contain data. The slices information are stored as an array of DataCodeEntry.

See also

DataCodeEntry

Public Types

using entries_t = std::vector<DataCodeEntry>¶

using it_const_entries = const_ref_iterator<const entries_t&>¶

using it_entries = ref_iterator<entries_t&>¶

Public Functions

DataInCode() = default¶

DataInCode(const details::linkedit_data_command &cmd)¶

DataInCode &operator=(const DataInCode&) = default¶

DataInCode(const DataInCode&) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline uint32_t data_offset() const¶: Start of the array of the DataCodeEntry entries.

inline uint32_t data_size() const¶: Size of the raw array (size = sizeof(DataCodeEntry) * nb_elements)

inline void data_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void data_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline DataInCode &add(DataCodeEntry entry)¶: Add a new entry.

inline it_const_entries entries() const¶: Iterator over the DataCodeEntry.

inline it_entries entries()¶

inline span<uint8_t> content()¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶

~DataInCode() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Data Code Entry¶

class DataCodeEntry : public LIEF::Object¶

Interface over an entry in the DataInCode command.

Public Types

enum class TYPES¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator DATA = 1¶

enumerator JUMP_TABLE_8 = 2¶

enumerator JUMP_TABLE_16 = 3¶

enumerator JUMP_TABLE_32 = 4¶

enumerator ABS_JUMP_TABLE_32 = 5¶

Public Functions

DataCodeEntry() = default¶

inline DataCodeEntry(uint32_t off, uint16_t length, TYPES type)¶

DataCodeEntry(const details::data_in_code_entry &entry)¶

DataCodeEntry &operator=(const DataCodeEntry&) = default¶

DataCodeEntry(const DataCodeEntry&) = default¶

inline uint32_t offset() const¶: Offset of the data.

inline uint16_t length() const¶: Length of the data.

inline TYPES type() const¶

inline void offset(uint32_t off)¶

inline void length(uint16_t length)¶

inline void type(TYPES type)¶

~DataCodeEntry() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const DataCodeEntry &entry)¶

Segment Split Info¶

class SegmentSplitInfo : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LoadCommand::TYPE::SEGMENT_SPLIT_INFO command.

Public Functions

SegmentSplitInfo() = default¶

SegmentSplitInfo(const details::linkedit_data_command &cmd)¶

SegmentSplitInfo &operator=(const SegmentSplitInfo &copy) = default¶

SegmentSplitInfo(const SegmentSplitInfo &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline uint32_t data_offset() const¶

inline uint32_t data_size() const¶

inline void data_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void data_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline span<uint8_t> content()¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶

~SegmentSplitInfo() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Sub-Framework¶

class SubFramework : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the SubFramework command. Accodring to the Mach-O loader.h documentation:

A dynamically linked shared library may be a subframework of an umbrella framework. If so it will be linked with “-umbrella umbrella_name” where Where “umbrella_name” is the name of the umbrella framework. A subframework can only be linked against by its umbrella framework or other subframeworks that are part of the same umbrella framework. Otherwise the static link editor produces an error and states to link against the umbrella framework. The name of the umbrella framework for subframeworks is recorded in the following structure.

Public Functions

SubFramework() = default¶

SubFramework(const details::sub_framework_command &cmd)¶

SubFramework &operator=(const SubFramework &copy) = default¶

SubFramework(const SubFramework &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline const std::string &umbrella() const¶: Name of the umbrella framework.

inline void umbrella(std::string u)¶

~SubFramework() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Sub-Client¶

class SubClient : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the SubClient command. Accodring to the Mach-O loader.h documentation:

For dynamically linked shared libraries that are subframework of an umbrella framework they can allow clients other than the umbrella framework or other subframeworks in the same umbrella framework. To do this the subframework is built with “-allowable_client client_name” and an LC_SUB_CLIENT load command is created for each -allowable_client flag. The client_name is usually a framework name. It can also be a name used for bundles clients where the bundle is built with “-client_name client_name”.

Public Functions

SubClient() = default¶

SubClient(const details::sub_client_command &cmd)¶

SubClient &operator=(const SubClient &copy) = default¶

SubClient(const SubClient &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline const std::string &client() const¶: Name of the client.

inline void client(std::string u)¶

~SubClient() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Dyld Environment¶

class DyldEnvironment : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents a LC_DYLD_ENVIRONMENT command which is used by the Mach-O linker/loader to initialize an environment variable.

Public Functions

DyldEnvironment() = default¶

DyldEnvironment(const details::dylinker_command &cmd)¶

DyldEnvironment &operator=(const DyldEnvironment &copy) = default¶

DyldEnvironment(const DyldEnvironment &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~DyldEnvironment() override = default¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

inline const std::string &value() const¶: The actual environment variable.

inline void value(std::string value)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Encryption Info¶

class EncryptionInfo : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO / LC_ENCRYPTION_INFO_64 commands.

The encryption info is usually present in Mach-O executables that target iOS to encrypt some sections of the binary

Public Functions

EncryptionInfo() = default¶

EncryptionInfo(const details::encryption_info_command &cmd)¶

EncryptionInfo &operator=(const EncryptionInfo &copy) = default¶

EncryptionInfo(const EncryptionInfo &copy) = default¶

~EncryptionInfo() override = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline uint32_t crypt_offset() const¶: The beginning of the encrypted area.

inline uint32_t crypt_size() const¶: The size of the encrypted area.

inline uint32_t crypt_id() const¶: The encryption system. 0 means no encrypted.

inline void crypt_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void crypt_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline void crypt_id(uint32_t id)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Build Version¶

class BuildVersion : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Public Types

enum class PLATFORMS : uint32_t¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator MACOS = 1¶

enumerator IOS = 2¶

enumerator TVOS = 3¶

enumerator WATCHOS = 4¶

enumerator BRIDGEOS = 5¶

enumerator MAC_CATALYST = 6¶

enumerator IOS_SIMULATOR = 7¶

enumerator TVOS_SIMULATOR = 8¶

enumerator WATCHOS_SIMULATOR = 9¶

enumerator DRIVERKIT = 10¶

enumerator VISIONOS = 11¶

enumerator VISIONOS_SIMULATOR = 12¶

enumerator FIRMWARE = 13¶

enumerator SEPOS = 14¶

enumerator ANY = 0xFFFFFFFF¶

using version_t = std::array<uint32_t, 3>¶: Version is an array of 3 integers.

using tools_list_t = std::vector<BuildToolVersion>¶

Public Functions

BuildVersion() = default¶

BuildVersion(const details::build_version_command &version_cmd)¶

BuildVersion(const PLATFORMS platform, const version_t &minos, const version_t &sdk, const tools_list_t &tools)¶

BuildVersion &operator=(const BuildVersion &copy) = default¶

BuildVersion(const BuildVersion &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline version_t minos() const¶

inline void minos(version_t version)¶

inline version_t sdk() const¶

inline void sdk(version_t version)¶

inline PLATFORMS platform() const¶

inline void platform(PLATFORMS plat)¶

inline const tools_list_t &tools() const¶

~BuildVersion() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Build Tool Version¶

class BuildToolVersion : public LIEF::Object¶

Class that represents a tool’s version that was involved in the build of the binary.

Public Types

enum class TOOLS¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator CLANG = 1¶

enumerator SWIFT = 2¶

enumerator LD = 3¶

enumerator LLD = 4¶

using version_t = std::array<uint32_t, 3>¶: A version is an array of 3 integers.

Public Functions

BuildToolVersion() = default¶

BuildToolVersion(const details::build_tool_version &tool)¶

inline TOOLS tool() const¶: The tools used.

inline version_t version() const¶: Version associated with the tool.

~BuildToolVersion() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const BuildToolVersion &tool)¶

Fileset Command¶

class FilesetCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class associated with the LC_FILESET_ENTRY commands.

Public Types

using content_t = std::vector<uint8_t>¶

Public Functions

FilesetCommand() = default¶

FilesetCommand(const details::fileset_entry_command &command)¶

inline FilesetCommand(std::string name)¶

FilesetCommand &operator=(FilesetCommand copy)¶

FilesetCommand(const FilesetCommand &copy)¶

void swap(FilesetCommand &other) noexcept¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~FilesetCommand() override = default¶

inline const std::string &name() const¶: Name of the underlying MachO binary (e.g. com.apple.security.quarantine)

inline uint64_t virtual_address() const¶: Memory address where the MachO file should be mapped.

inline uint64_t file_offset() const¶: Original offset in the kernel cache.

inline const Binary *binary() const¶: Return a pointer on the LIEF::MachO::Binary associated with this entry.

inline Binary *binary()¶

inline void name(std::string name)¶

inline void virtual_address(uint64_t virtual_address)¶

inline void file_offset(uint64_t file_offset)¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Friends

friend class BinaryParser

DyldChainedFixups Command¶

class DyldChainedFixups : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS command.

This command aims at providing rebase and binding information like the DyldInfo’s bytecode. Compared to the DyldInfo bytecode, these chained fixups are taking less space.

Public Types

using chained_starts_in_segments_t = std::vector<chained_starts_in_segment>¶: Internal container for storing chained_starts_in_segment.

using it_chained_starts_in_segments_t = ref_iterator<chained_starts_in_segments_t&>¶: Iterator that outputs chained_starts_in_segment&.

using it_const_chained_starts_in_segments_t = const_ref_iterator<const chained_starts_in_segments_t&>¶: Iterator that outputs const chained_starts_in_segment&.

using binding_info_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ChainedBindingInfo>>¶: Internal container for storing DyldBindingInfo.

using it_binding_info = ref_iterator<binding_info_t&, ChainedBindingInfo*>¶: Iterator which outputs DyldBindingInfo&.

using it_const_binding_info = const_ref_iterator<const binding_info_t&, ChainedBindingInfo*>¶: Iterator which outputs const DyldBindingInfo&.

Public Functions

DyldChainedFixups()¶

DyldChainedFixups(const details::linkedit_data_command &cmd)¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~DyldChainedFixups() override¶

inline uint32_t data_offset() const¶: Offset of the LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS chained payload. This offset should point in the __LINKEDIT segment.

inline uint32_t data_size() const¶: Size of the LC_DYLD_CHAINED_FIXUPS payload.

inline void data_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void data_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline span<const uint8_t> payload() const¶: Return the raw content of the command.

inline it_binding_info bindings()¶: Iterator over the bindings (ChainedBindingInfo) associated with this command.

inline it_const_binding_info bindings() const¶: Iterator over the bindings (ChainedBindingInfo) associated with this command.

inline it_chained_starts_in_segments_t chained_starts_in_segments()¶: Iterator over the chained fixup metadata.

inline it_const_chained_starts_in_segments_t chained_starts_in_segments() const¶

inline uint32_t fixups_version() const¶: Chained fixups version. The loader (dyld v852.2) checks that this value is set to 0.

inline void fixups_version(uint32_t version)¶

inline uint32_t starts_offset() const¶: offset of dyld_chained_starts_in_image in chain_data

inline void starts_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline uint32_t imports_offset() const¶: Offset of imports table in chain data.

inline void imports_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline uint32_t symbols_offset() const¶: Offset of symbol strings in chain data.

inline void symbols_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline uint32_t imports_count() const¶: Number of imported symbol names.

inline void imports_count(uint32_t cnt)¶

inline uint32_t symbols_format() const¶

The compression algorithm (if any) used to store the symbols 0 means uncompressed while 1 means zlib compressed.

As far of the version v852.2 of dyld loader, it only supports uncompressed format

inline void symbols_format(uint32_t fmt)¶

inline DYLD_CHAINED_FORMAT imports_format() const¶: The format of the imports (ChainedBindingInfo)

inline void imports_format(DYLD_CHAINED_FORMAT fmt)¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

struct chained_starts_in_segment¶

Structure that mirrors the raw dyld_chained_starts_in_segment which aims at providing information about the chained rebase/bind fixups.

The relocations provided by this structure can be accessed through SegmentCommand::relocations

Public Functions

inline size_t page_count() const¶: How many pages are in the page_start array.

Public Members

uint32_t offset = 0¶: Original offset of the structure, relative to DyldChainedFixups::starts_offset.

uint32_t size = 0¶: sizeof(size) + sizeof(page_size) + … + sizeof(pointer_format)

uint16_t page_size = 0¶: Likely 0x1000 for x86/x86_64 architectures and 0x4000 for ARM64 architecture.

uint64_t segment_offset = 0¶: Offset of the segment’s data from the beginning of the file (it should match SegmentCommand::file_offset)

uint32_t max_valid_pointer = 0¶: for 32-bit OS, any value beyond this is not a pointer

DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_FORMAT pointer_format = DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_FORMAT::NONE ¶: How pointers are encoded.

std::vector<uint16_t> page_start¶: Offset in the SegmentCommand of the first element of the chain.

std::vector<uint16_t> chain_starts¶: Currently not supported.

SegmentCommand &segment¶: Segment in which the rebase/bind fixups take place.

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const chained_starts_in_segment &info)¶

DyldExportsTrie Command¶

class DyldExportsTrie : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class that represents the LC_DYLD_EXPORTS_TRIE command.

In recent Mach-O binaries, this command replace the DyldInfo export trie buffer

Public Types

using export_info_t = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ExportInfo>>¶: Internal container for storing ExportInfo.

using it_export_info = ref_iterator<export_info_t&, ExportInfo*>¶: Iterator which outputs const ExportInfo&.

using it_const_export_info = const_ref_iterator<const export_info_t&, ExportInfo*>¶: Iterator which outputs const ExportInfo&.

Public Functions

DyldExportsTrie()¶

DyldExportsTrie(const details::linkedit_data_command &cmd)¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

void swap(DyldExportsTrie &other) noexcept¶

~DyldExportsTrie() override¶

inline uint32_t data_offset() const¶: Offset of the LC_DYLD_EXPORTS_TRIE. This offset should point in the __LINKEDIT segment.

inline uint32_t data_size() const¶: Size of the LC_DYLD_EXPORTS_TRIE payload.

inline void data_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void data_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶

inline it_export_info exports()¶: Iterator over the ExportInfo entries.

inline it_const_export_info exports() const¶

std::string show_export_trie() const¶: Print the exports trie in a humman-readable way.

void add(std::unique_ptr<ExportInfo> info)¶: Add an entrie in the current trie. See also: LIEF::MachO::Binary::add_exported_function.

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Code Signature Dir Command¶

class CodeSignatureDir : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Public Functions

CodeSignatureDir() = default¶

CodeSignatureDir(const details::linkedit_data_command &cmd)¶

CodeSignatureDir &operator=(const CodeSignatureDir &copy) = default¶

CodeSignatureDir(const CodeSignatureDir &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline uint32_t data_offset() const¶: Offset in the binary where the signature starts.

inline uint32_t data_size() const¶: Size of the raw signature.

inline void data_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void data_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶

inline span<uint8_t> content()¶

~CodeSignatureDir() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Linker Optimization Hint Command¶

class LinkerOptHint : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class which represents the LC_LINKER_OPTIMIZATION_HINT command.

Public Functions

LinkerOptHint() = default¶

LinkerOptHint(const details::linkedit_data_command &cmd)¶

LinkerOptHint &operator=(const LinkerOptHint &copy) = default¶

LinkerOptHint(const LinkerOptHint &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline uint32_t data_offset() const¶: Offset in the binary where the hint starts.

inline uint32_t data_size() const¶: Size of the payload.

inline void data_offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline void data_size(uint32_t size)¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶

inline span<uint8_t> content()¶

~LinkerOptHint() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Two Level Hints Command¶

class TwoLevelHints : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Class which represents the LC_TWOLEVEL_HINTS command.

Public Types

using hints_list_t = std::vector<uint32_t>¶

using it_hints_t = ref_iterator<hints_list_t&>¶

using it_const_hints_t = const_ref_iterator<const hints_list_t&>¶

Public Functions

TwoLevelHints() = default¶

TwoLevelHints(const details::twolevel_hints_command &cmd)¶

TwoLevelHints &operator=(const TwoLevelHints &copy) = default¶

TwoLevelHints(const TwoLevelHints &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

inline span<const uint8_t> content() const¶: Original payload of the command.

inline span<uint8_t> content()¶

inline it_hints_t hints()¶: Iterator over the hints (uint32_t integers)

inline it_const_hints_t hints() const¶

inline uint32_t offset() const¶: Original offset of the command. It should point in the __LINKEDIT segment.

inline void offset(uint32_t offset)¶

inline uint32_t original_nb_hints() const¶

~TwoLevelHints() override = default¶

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Unknown Command¶

class UnknownCommand : public LIEF::MachO::LoadCommand ¶

Generic class when the command is not recognized by LIEF.

Public Functions

UnknownCommand() = delete¶

inline UnknownCommand(const details::load_command &command)¶

UnknownCommand &operator=(const UnknownCommand &copy) = default¶

UnknownCommand(const UnknownCommand &copy) = default¶

inline virtual std::unique_ptr<LoadCommand> clone() const override¶

~UnknownCommand() override = default¶

inline uint64_t original_command() const¶: The original LC_ int that is not supported by LIEF.

virtual void accept(Visitor &visitor) const override¶

virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream &os) const override¶

Public Static Functions

static inline bool classof(const LoadCommand *cmd)¶

Stub¶

class Stub¶

This class represents a stub entry in sections like __stubs,__auth_stubs.

It wraps assembly instructions which are used to access the got where the address of the symbol is resolved.

Example:

0000000236a3c1bc: ___memcpy_chk
  adrp            x17, #0x241513aa8
  add             x17, x17, #0x241513aa8
  ldr             x16, [x17]
  braa            x16, x17

Public Functions

Stub() = delete¶

Stub(const Stub&) = default¶

Stub &operator=(const Stub&) = default¶

Stub(Stub&&) noexcept = default¶

Stub &operator=(Stub&&) noexcept = default¶

~Stub() = default¶

inline Stub(target_info_t target_info, uint64_t addr, std::vector<uint8_t> raw)¶

inline span<const uint8_t> raw() const¶: The (raw) instructions of this entry as a slice of bytes.

inline uint64_t address() const¶: The virtual address where the stub is located.

result<uint64_t> target() const¶

The address resolved by this stub.

For instance, given this stub:

0x3eec: adrp    x16, #4096
0x3ef0: ldr     x16, [x16, #24]
0x3ef4: br      x16

The function returns: 0x4018.

Warning

This function is only available with LIEF’s extended version

Friends

friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Stub &stub)¶

class Iterator : public LIEF::iterator_facade_base<Iterator, std::random_access_iterator_tag, const Stub>¶

Public Functions

Iterator() = default¶

inline Iterator(target_info_t target_info, std::vector<const Section*> sections, size_t pos)¶

Iterator(const Iterator&) = default¶

Iterator &operator=(const Iterator&) = default¶

Iterator(Iterator&&) noexcept = default¶

Iterator &operator=(Iterator&&) noexcept = default¶

~Iterator() = default¶

inline bool operator<(const Iterator &rhs) const¶

inline std::ptrdiff_t operator-(const Iterator &R) const¶

inline Iterator &operator+=(std::ptrdiff_t n)¶

inline Iterator &operator-=(std::ptrdiff_t n)¶

Stub operator*() const¶

Friends

inline friend bool operator==(const Iterator &LHS, const Iterator &RHS)¶

inline friend bool operator!=(const Iterator &LHS, const Iterator &RHS)¶

struct target_info_t¶

Public Members

Header::CPU_TYPE arch¶

uint32_t subtype = 0¶

Friends

inline friend bool operator==(const Stub::target_info_t &lhs, const Stub::target_info_t &rhs)¶

Utilities¶

bool LIEF::MachO::is_macho(const std::string &file)¶: Check if the given file is a Mach-O binary.

bool LIEF::MachO::is_macho(const std::vector<uint8_t> &raw)¶: Check if the given raw data is a Mach-O binary.

bool LIEF::MachO::is_fat(const std::string &file)¶: Check if the given file is a FAT Mach-O.

bool LIEF::MachO::is_64(const std::string &file)¶: Check if the given Mach-O is 64-bits.

Enums¶

enum class LIEF::MachO::MACHO_TYPES : uint32_t¶

Values:

enumerator UNKNOWN = 0¶

enumerator MH_MAGIC = 0xFEEDFACEu¶: 32-bit big-endian magic

enumerator MH_CIGAM = 0xCEFAEDFEu¶: 32-bit little-endian magic

enumerator MH_MAGIC_64 = 0xFEEDFACFu¶: 64-bit big-endian magic

enumerator MH_CIGAM_64 = 0xCFFAEDFEu¶: 64-bit little-endian magic

enumerator FAT_MAGIC = 0xCAFEBABEu¶: big-endian fat magic

enumerator FAT_CIGAM = 0xBEBAFECAu¶: little-endian fat magic

enumerator NEURAL_MODEL = 0xbeeffaceu¶

enum class LIEF::MachO::X86_RELOCATION¶

Values:

enumerator GENERIC_RELOC_VANILLA = 0¶: A generic relocation entry for both addresses contained in data and addresses contained in CPU instructions.

enumerator GENERIC_RELOC_PAIR = 1¶: The second relocation entry of a pair.

enumerator GENERIC_RELOC_SECTDIFF = 2¶: A relocation entry for an item that contains the difference of two section addresses. This is generally used for position-independent code generation.

enumerator GENERIC_RELOC_PB_LA_PTR = 3¶: contains the address from which to subtract; it must be followed by a X86_RELOCATION::GENERIC_RELOC_PAIR containing the address to subtract.

enumerator GENERIC_RELOC_LOCAL_SECTDIFF = 4¶: Similar to X86_RELOCATION::GENERIC_RELOC_SECTDIFF except that this entry refers specifically to the address in this item. If the address is that of a globally visible coalesced symbol, this relocation entry does not change if the symbol is overridden. This is used to associate stack unwinding information with the object code this relocation entry describes.

enumerator GENERIC_RELOC_TLV = 5¶: A relocation entry for a prebound lazy pointer. This is always a scattered relocation entry. The MachO::Relocation::value field contains the non-prebound value of the lazy pointer.

enum class LIEF::MachO::X86_64_RELOCATION¶

Values:

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_UNSIGNED = 0¶: A CALL/JMP instruction with 32-bit displacement.

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_SIGNED = 1¶: A MOVQ load of a GOT entry.

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_BRANCH = 2¶: Other GOT references.

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_GOT_LOAD = 3¶: Signed 32-bit displacement.

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_GOT = 4¶: Absolute address.

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_SUBTRACTOR = 5¶: Must be followed by a X86_64_RELOCATION::X86_64_RELOC_UNSIGNED relocation.

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_SIGNED_1 = 6¶

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_SIGNED_2 = 7¶

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_SIGNED_4 = 8¶

enumerator X86_64_RELOC_TLV = 9¶

enum class LIEF::MachO::PPC_RELOCATION¶

Values:

enumerator PPC_RELOC_VANILLA = 0¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_PAIR = 1¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_BR14 = 2¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_BR24 = 3¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_HI16 = 4¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_LO16 = 5¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_HA16 = 6¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_LO14 = 7¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_SECTDIFF = 8¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_PB_LA_PTR = 9¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_HI16_SECTDIFF = 10¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_LO16_SECTDIFF = 11¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_HA16_SECTDIFF = 12¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_JBSR = 13¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_LO14_SECTDIFF = 14¶

enumerator PPC_RELOC_LOCAL_SECTDIFF = 15¶

enum class LIEF::MachO::ARM_RELOCATION¶

Values:

enumerator ARM_RELOC_VANILLA = 0¶

enumerator ARM_RELOC_PAIR = 1¶

enumerator ARM_RELOC_SECTDIFF = 2¶

enumerator ARM_RELOC_LOCAL_SECTDIFF = 3¶

enumerator ARM_RELOC_PB_LA_PTR = 4¶

enumerator ARM_RELOC_BR24 = 5¶

enumerator ARM_THUMB_RELOC_BR22 = 6¶

enumerator ARM_THUMB_32BIT_BRANCH = 7¶

enumerator ARM_RELOC_HALF = 8¶

enumerator ARM_RELOC_HALF_SECTDIFF = 9¶

enum class LIEF::MachO::ARM64_RELOCATION¶

Values:

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_UNSIGNED = 0¶: For pointers.

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_SUBTRACTOR = 1¶: Must be followed by an ARM64_RELOCATION::ARM64_RELOC_UNSIGNED

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_BRANCH26 = 2¶: A B/BL instruction with 26-bit displacement.

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_PAGE21 = 3¶: PC-rel distance to page of target.

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_PAGEOFF12 = 4¶: Offset within page, scaled by MachO::Relocation::size.

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_GOT_LOAD_PAGE21 = 5¶: PC-rel distance to page of GOT slot

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_GOT_LOAD_PAGEOFF12 = 6¶: Offset within page of GOT slot, scaled by MachO::Relocation::size.

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_POINTER_TO_GOT = 7¶: For pointers to GOT slots.

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_TLVP_LOAD_PAGE21 = 8¶: PC-rel distance to page of TLVP slot.

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_TLVP_LOAD_PAGEOFF12 = 9¶: Offset within page of TLVP slot, scaled by MachO::Relocation::size.

enumerator ARM64_RELOC_ADDEND = 10¶: Must be followed by ARM64_RELOCATION::ARM64_RELOC_PAGE21 or ARM64_RELOCATION::ARM64_RELOC_PAGEOFF12.

enum class LIEF::MachO::DYLD_CHAINED_FORMAT¶

Values:

enumerator IMPORT = 1¶

enumerator IMPORT_ADDEND = 2¶

enumerator IMPORT_ADDEND64 = 3¶

enum class LIEF::MachO::DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_FORMAT¶

Values:

enumerator NONE = 0¶

enumerator PTR_ARM64E = 1¶

enumerator PTR_64 = 2¶

enumerator PTR_32 = 3¶

enumerator PTR_32_CACHE = 4¶

enumerator PTR_32_FIRMWARE = 5¶

enumerator PTR_64_OFFSET = 6¶

enumerator PTR_ARM64E_OFFSET = 7¶

enumerator PTR_ARM64E_KERNEL = 7¶

enumerator PTR_64_KERNEL_CACHE = 8¶

enumerator PTR_ARM64E_USERLAND = 9¶

enumerator PTR_ARM64E_FIRMWARE = 10¶

enumerator PTR_X86_64_KERNEL_CACHE = 11¶

enumerator PTR_ARM64E_USERLAND24 = 12¶

C++¶

Parser¶

FatBinary¶

Binary¶

Header¶

Builder¶

DylibCommand¶

DylinkerCommand¶

DynamicSymbolCommand¶

LoadCommand¶

MainCommand¶

Section¶

SegmentCommand¶

Symbol¶

SymbolCommand¶

UUIDCommand¶

Dyld Info¶

Function starts¶

Source Version¶

Version Min¶

Routine¶

Relocation¶

Relocation Object¶

Relocation Dyld¶

Relocation Fixup¶

Dyld Binding Info¶

Chained Binding Info¶

Export Info¶

Thread Command¶

RPath Command¶

Code Signature¶

Data In Code¶

Data Code Entry¶

Segment Split Info¶

Sub-Framework¶

Sub-Client¶

Dyld Environment¶

Encryption Info¶

Build Version¶

Build Tool Version¶

Fileset Command¶

DyldChainedFixups Command¶

DyldExportsTrie Command¶

Code Signature Dir Command¶

Linker Optimization Hint Command¶

Two Level Hints Command¶

Unknown Command¶

Stub¶

Utilities¶

Enums¶